RUBIACEAE 
Galium boreale L. — (Bedstraw) 
The seeds were considered edible, but were seldom utilized 
(RS). 
S ALICACEAE 
Populus tremuloides Michx. — (Aspen) 
mlmlte (PB, AP, AV, CW): 
pertains to ‘shimmering leaves’ 
A tea made from the bark was drunk for ruptures (RS, AV). 
Populus trichocarpa T. & G. — (Black cottonwood) 
Plant: mulsh (PB, AP, AV, 
CW) 
Cambium: cekwye (PB): per- 
tains to ‘shiny’ or ‘bright’ 
The sap from cottonwood was valued more than that of any 
other tree. Only the young trees were peeled, as the bark from the 
older trees was difficult to remove. The thin, transparent strips of 
cambium were removed in a similar manner as was the cambium 
of ponderosa pine and chewed for its sweep sap (RS). 
The leaves were used either fresh or were dried and employed as 
a poultice to draw pus out of wounds (AV) or used on boils (RS). 
Young cottonwood branches, roots of Rosa woodsii and Poten- 
tilla glandulosa were boiled to make a tea drunk for syphilis 
(RD). 
Salix spp. — (Willow) 
Plant: qewqewpulsh (AV): pertains to ‘habitual 
mover’; ppu (PB, LP, AV) 
Catkins: slshtitichi (AP, AV, CW): ‘bitch dog’ 
The bark was employed in the treatment of cuts. In one medici- 
nal preparation hot water was poured over the bark; the resulting 
solution was used to wash the wound, and the powder from the 
finely crushed bark was placed on the cut with a clean cloth; the 
bandage needed to be changed once a day; in two to four days the 
cut was heeled (PB). The bark was also chewed and put on cuts 
and abrasions directly (RS, AV). 
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