UMBELLIFERAE 
Cicuta douglasii (DC) Coult. & Rose — (Water hemlock) 
Xinixw (AP, AV, CW): 
‘poisonous’ 
The root was recognized as poisonous (AP, AV, CW). 
Heracleum lanatum Michx. (Cow-parsnip) 
xwte (PB, AP, AV, CW) 
The dried and matured hollow stems were employed to make 
elk whistles (PB, RD, AP, AV, CW). The dried or fresh roots 
were utilized as a poultice used on swellings, especially of the feet 
(RD). For food, the young stalks were peeled and eaten raw(RD, 
AP, RS, AV, CW). 
Ligusticum canbyi Coult. & Rose — (Lovage) 
xasxes (Ad, PB, LP, 
MSS, AV): pertains to 
‘good’ 
This medicine is still popular today. Its favorite application is 
for colds and sore throats: the dried roots can be chewed (JP, RS, 
T-H), and infusion of the roots can be drunk (JP, RS, T-H, AV), 
or the leaves are smoked with tobacco for relief (JP, RS, AV). An 
infusion of the roots is also drunk for fevers (MSS). 
The root was once chewed and rubbed on a person’s body for 
seizures. Cigarettes mixed with this plant were then smoked; this 
supposedly calmed the person (Ad). 
Lomatium cous (Wats.) Coult. & Rose — (Biscuit-root) 
ychhi (PB. IP. AY, 
AV, CW) 
The root was dug after the plant bloomed in the spring (RS). 
They were peeled and eaten raw, boiled (RS, AV), or pounded 
into small cakes and dried inthe sun(JP, RS). The dried bricks or 
biscuits could be stored for a long time and were often carried on 
long hikes or marches (JP). 
293 
