Hence, the numbered pistillate specimen with leaflets 
characteristic of European hemp, Linn. Herb. 1177.2, 
ean be assumed to have been in his hands at this time 
if not much earlier. The other specimen, Linn. Herb. 
1177.1, illustrated in Joyce & Curry, Botany and Chem- 
istry of Cannabis 21 (1970), is of very different aspect. 
It is a staminate plant with much shorter and broader 
almost obtuse more coarsely serrate leaflets. It has no 
number but is labelled ‘sativa’ in Linnaeus’s hand. Thus, 
this specimen, in no way typical of Cannabis sativa as 
commonly accepted, can safely be assumed to have come 
into Linnaeus’s possession later than 1753. 
The two Hortus Cliffortianus specimens belong to the 
old cultivated hemp stock of northern Kurope. This is 
represented by another contemporary herbarium speci- 
men in the British Museum (Natural History) which was 
grown in the Chelsea Physic Garden and presented in 
1740 to the Royal Society of London under the number 
908: for a discussion of the history and nomenclatural 
importance of these Chelsea specimens, see Stearn (1972). 
There are also specimens scattered through the herbaria 
assembled by Sir Hans Sloane (1660-1753) and now in 
the British Museum (Natural History): vol. 39, fol. 2 
(c. 1660), vol. 88, fol. 161 (L. Plukenet, 1642-1706), vol. 
85, fol. 62 (G. Bonnivert, fl. 1673-1703), vol. 91, fol. 47 
(Plukenet), vol. 117, fol. 2 (A. Buddle, 1660-1715), vol. 
167, fol. 398 (G. London, d. 1713), vol. 821, fol. 236 
(H. Boerhaave, 1668-1738); see J.E. Dandy (1958). 
SUMMARY 
Although Linnaeus, when publishing the name Can- 
nabis sativa in 1758, gave ‘India’ as the country of origin 
of the species, he based his original description on the 
hemp grown in northern Europe in 1787, which he knew 
in a living state; this hemp belonged to the long- 
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