While almost all hallucinogenic compounds are of vegetal 
origin, a few may be wholly or partly synthetic. The potent 
hallucinogen, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), although very 
closely allied chemically to the naturally occurring ergolines, has 
not been found in the Plant Kingdom. 
NON-NITROGENOUS PRINCIPLES 
1. MONOTERPENOID CHROMENES 
Cannabaceae 
Cannabis L. 
The most important of the non-nitrogenous hallucinogens are 
the monoterpenoid chromenes, such as those found in, and 
apparently restricted to, the genus Cannabis. Products used as 
hallucinogens from this genus are known as marihuana, hashish, 
bhang, ganja, etc. 
Various aspects of Cannabis have been authoritatively re- 
viewed in recent years, including the botany, chemistry, pharma- 
cology, synthesis of active and inactive cannabinoids, 
metabolism in man and animals, etc. (Abel 1976; Anderson 
1974; Bailey 1974; Bech et al. 1974; Bhargava 1978; Bloch et al. 
1978; Braude and Szara 1976a and b; Carr et al. 1970; Clark and 
del Giudice 1978; Graham 1976; Hanus and Krejci 1974; Iversen, 
Iversen and Snyder 1978; Iversen, Iversen and Snyder 1978; 
Joyce and Curry 1970; Clark and del Giudice 1978; Graham 
1976; Lemberger and Rubin 1975; Lewis 1972; Mechoulam 
1970, 1973; Mechoulam et al. 1976; Mendelson et al. 1974; 
Miller and Drew 1974; Morris and Farnsworth 1973; Neumeyer 
and Shagoury 1971; Paxton and Crown 1972; Quimby 1974; 
Razdan 1973; Salemink 1978; Salzman 1979; Saulle 1973; 
Schonhofea 1973; Schultes 1973; Schultes et al. 1974; Small 
1976 and 1979; Small and Cronquist 1976; Stueck 1979; and 
Turner et al. 1980). Of special interest is a recent annotated 
bibliography on marihuana, covering all periodical references 
appearing in the scientific literature from 1964 through 1974 
(Waller et al. 1976). 
Since more has been published on Cannabis and its constitu- 
ents than on any other natural hallucinogen, this section must be 
treated in greater detail than others. 
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