casionally be employed in northern Mexico in magic and 
witchcraft (Schultes and Hofmann 1973, 1979 and 1980). 
Opuntia Mill. 
Opuntia cylindrica (Lam.) DC. contains 0.9 percent mescaline 
(Turner and Heyman 1960) and O. spinosior (Engelm.) Toumey 
contains 0.00004% of the same alkaloid (Kruger et al. 1977; 
Pardanani et al. 1978). 
Pelecyphora Ehrenb. 
The Mexican cactus Pelecyphora aselliformis Ehrenb. is re- 
ported to contain mescaline (Diaz 1977, 1979). 
Trichocereus (Berger) Riccob. 
Several species of the South American genus Trichocereus 
have yielded mescaline: T. macrogonus (Salm-Dyek) Riccob. T. 
Pachanoi Britton & Rose, T. Terscheckii (Parment.) Britt. & 
Rose, 7. Werdermannianus Backeb. (Agurell 1969; Vanderveen 
et al. 1974); and 7. peruvianus Britt. & Rose (Pardanani et al. 
1977). The large columnar T. Pachanoi of the dry Andes-—called 
San Pedro in Peru and aguacolla in Ecuador—is employed in 
magic and folk medicine in northern Peru (Poisson 1960). 
Together with another cactus, Neoraimondia macrostibas 
(Schum.) Britton & Rose, and /sotoma longiflora Pres), Pedi- 
lanthus tithymaloides Poit. and a species of Brugmansia, it is the 
base of an hallucinogenic drink called cimora (Schultes 1970c). 
There are some 40 species of Trichocereus known from 
subtropical and temperate South America. 
6. QUINOLIZIDINES 
Leguminosae 
Cytisus L. 
The hallucinogenic use by Yaqui medicine men in northern 
Mexico of Cytisus (Genista) canariensis (L.) O.Ktze., a shrub 
native to the Canary Islands, not to Mexico, has been docu- 
mented (Fadiman 1965). It is rich in the alkaloid cytisine 
(ulexine, baptitoxine, sophorine) (XX) which occurs coramonly 
in the Leguminosae (Willaman and Schubert 1961). 
About 25 species of Cyrisus. native to the Atlantic Islands, 
Europe, and the Mediterranean area, are known, and a number 
of the species are toxic. 
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