cumala caspi. In Brazil, the general name for Virola is ucuuba- 
ucutiba branca, ucuttba preta, ucuuba vermelha. The Vene- 
zuelan species have many vernacular names: camaticaro, ce- 
drillo, cozoiba, cuajo, cuajo negro, cudo rebalsero, sangerino, 
trompillo. In Colombia, the most widely used common name is 
cuajo, although in the Amazonian regions this term is rarely 
employed. 
Native names for species of Virola are many. The most 
frequently met with in the literature, mainly because of the use 
of the plants as hallucinogens, are yakee (Puinave), yato 
(Kuripako) in Colombia; epena or nyakwana (Waika) in Brazil 
and Venezuela; parica (Tukano) in Brazil and Colombia; oo- 
koo-na (Witoto) in Colombia and Peru; kriideeko (Bora) in 
Peru. In Amazonian Colombia, the Yukunas know V. calo- 
phylla as are-de-ye, the Barasanas as yeag aseiin. The Kubeo call 
V. calophylloidea ko-ga;, the Barasanas, rose-nameti. They refer 
to the related V. elongata by the slight variant: rose-nemee. V. 
peruviana is called ra-pa by the Kabuyari Indians of the Rio 
Apaporis. The Barasanas know V. carinata as nat-sin-neme; the 
Makus, as bon-am; the Makunas, as lasil-me-je-ju. 
The family Myristicaceae was originally treated as mono- 
generic. The concept Virola, proposed by Aublet in 1775, was 
included in the genus Myristica. Many of the species now 
considered to represent Virola were described by Spruce or 
Spruce and Bentham as belonging to Myristica. In his letters 
and field notes, Spruce frequently referred to Virolas as 
“nutmegs,” as the well known source of the spice nutmeg is 
Myristica fragrans. When Warburg published his monumental 
monographic studies on the family Myristicaceae in 1897, he 
restricted Myristica to Old World representatives and recog- 
nized as a valid concept Aublet’s Virola, into which he 
transferred a large number of species which, until then, had been 
accommodated in Myristica. The same specialist set up to 
accommodate other tropical American myristicaceous species 
earlier described as Myristica the new generic concepts of 
Compsoneura, Dialyanthera, Iryanthera and Osteophloem. Sub- 
sequent taxonomists have accepted Warburg's treatment of the 
generic composition of the family: A. C. Smith, Adolpho Ducke 
and William Rodrigues. It appears that the most important 
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