Two species native to Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina. 
Index to species. 
Stigmatosema Hatschbachii (Pabst) Garay, comb. nov. 
Basionym: Brachystele Hatschbachii Pabst in Bradea 2: 80, 1976. 
Stigmatosema polyaden (Vell.) Garay, comb. nov. 
Basionym: Serapias polyaden Vell., Fl. Flumin. 9: t.56, 1831. 
Synassa Lindl. 
corymbosa Lindl. = Sauroglossum corymbosum (Lindl.) Garay 
dilatata Lindl. ex Krzl. = Sauroglossum corymbosum (Lindl.) Garay 
Synoplectris Raf. 
picta (R. Br.) Raf. = Sarcoglottis acaulis (J.E.Sm.) Schltr. 
viridis Raf. = Sarcoglottis grandiflora (Lindl.) KI. 
Thelyschista Garay, gen. nov. 
Etymology: Thelys = female and schistos = split, divided, in 
reference to the nature of the cleft stigmata. 
Sepala plus minusve similia, leviter divergentia, ringentia, 
usque ad basin libera; sepalo postico concavo; sepalis lateralibus 
obliquis, basi leviter dilatatis, mentum obscurum cum pede 
columnae formantibus. Petala margine interiore sepalo postico 
valde agglutinata, basi paululo obliqua. Labellum e cuneato- 
canaliculata basi conduplicatum, sessile, margine basin incras- 
satum, in medio columnae lateraliter agglutinatum. Columna 
satis crassa, basi in pedem brevem, obliquum producta; stigmata 
2, patelliformia, bipartita, valde separata: rostellum anguste- 
triangulare, acuminatum, satis tenue. Anthera anguste-elliptica, 
obtusa; pollinia lineari-clavata, separata, viscidio oblanceolato- 
obovato, valde conspicuo affixa. Ovarium sessile, oblique fusi- 
forme, leviter tortum. 
Herbae terrestres, elatae; radicibus fasciculatis; foliis basilari- 
bus, rosulatis, basi cuneato-subpetiolatis; scapo erecto, vagi- 
nato, apice subdense spicato, sursum plus minusve cernuo; flo- 
ribus satis magnis, suberectis. 
Sepals more or less similar, somewhat divergent, ringent, 
completely free to base; dorsal sepal concave; lateral sepals 
oblique at the dilated base, with column-foot forming an obs- 
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