326 A MANUAL OF AMERICAN LAND SHELLS. 



aperture, except a small i)ortion of the body- whorl, where a thiu, testa- 

 ceous deposit connects its two extremities; aperture 

 lateral, nearly oval, deep, cup-shaped, and narrowing 

 towards the throat, which is almost filled i\\) by pro- 

 jecting teeth, white within ; teeth commonly 4, one of 

 which, affixed to the body-whorl, commences at the 

 superior margin of the aperture, near the junction of the 

 peristome and ultimate whorl, and runs backward and 

 downward into the aperture ; it is prominent, lamelli- 

 form, irregular, has one or more sharp, i^rojecting 

 I'upa ^^^^^'^<^- en- points, and is sometimes bifid ; another, thick and mass- 

 ive, is situated deep in the throat, and marks internally the jilace of the 

 umbilicus, and two others, projecting and tooth-like, are placed on the 

 peristome at the base of the aperture, and point towards the center of 

 the aperture; base of the shell, from the umbilicus to the edge of the 

 aperture, compressed, forming a short and obtuse keel; umbilicus a 

 little expanded and slightly perforate. Length ; 41'"°^, diameter, 2§'"™ ; 

 length of aperture, !§"'"'. 



Pupa armifera, Say, Jonrn. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., ii, 162 (1821); BixxEv'sed., 21. — 

 Gould, Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist., iii, 400, pi. iii, fig. 10 (1840) ; iv, 359 (1843).— 

 Adams, Vermont Mollusca, 157 (1842) ; Silliman's Journ. [i], xl, 271.— 

 Pfeiffer, Symbolie, ii, 53 ; Mon. Hel. Viv., ii, 357. — De Kay, N. Y. Moll., 52 

 [1843].— BiNNEY, Terr. Moll., ii, 320, pi. Ixx, fig. 4. — KiJSTER, in Chemxitz, 

 ed. 2, 57, pi. vii, figs. 17-19.— W. G. Binney, Terr. Moll., iv, 142 ; v, 205 ; L. & 

 Fr.-W. Sh., i,241 (1869) — GouLD and Bixney, Inv. of Mass. (2), 437 (1870). 



Pupa rupicola, Pff.iffeh, Symbolse, ii, .55, teste Pfeiffek, in Mon. 



Leucochila armifera, Morse, Amer. Nat., 667, fig. 55 (1S68). — Tryox, Am. Journ. 

 Conch., iii, 306 (1868). 



Pupa armiyera, Potiez ot Michaud, Gal6rie, i, 159, pi. xvi, figs. 1, 2, 



Probably inhabits every State east of the Rocky Mountains; thus 

 belongs to the Eastern Province. 



Animal black ; eye-peduncles long and slender; tentacles conical and 

 prominent. Eespiratory orifice very visible at the angle formed by the 

 junction of the peristome with the body- whorl. 



The normal number of teeth, or that number which is most commonly 

 observed in adult individuals, is certainly 4; but, in addition to those 

 described, there is sometimes a small tubercle, or diminutive tooth, very 

 near the junction of the peristome and body- whorl, and more rarely 

 another of the same description at the base of the aperture, near the 

 umbilical tooth. If those only are to be considered fully mature which 

 possess all the teeth, then the species may be characterized as hav- 



