to the Metlkod of Least Squares. 201 



1856 ScHOTT. 'Solution of Normal Equations by indirect Elimi- 

 nation.' Rep. Coast Sur. IT. S. for 1855, pp. 255-264. 



Several methods are given and illustrated by numerical examples. 

 The paper is of great value to a computer. 



1856 ScHoiT, 'Report of a discussion of the secular varia- 

 tion in the magnetic declination on the Atlantic and part of the Gulf 

 Coast of the United States.' Rep. Coast Survey JJ. S. for 1855, pp. 

 306-337. 



The process of deducing empirical formulse for declination from 

 observations by the Method of Least Squares is explained and illus- 

 trated, as also that of finding the probable errors of the constants 

 which enter into such formulae and of the computed results. For- 

 mulaB are deduced for fourteen stations. See also Hep. Coast Survey 

 for 1855, p. 306, and for 1859, p. 296. 



1856 VoKLAXDER. ' Ueber die Genauigkeit der Langenmessungen 



mit der JVIesskette auf verschiedenen Bodenarten.' Zeitschr. 3fath. 



u. P/iys., Vol. I, pp. 142-159. 



The precision is regarded as inversely proportional to the length of 

 the line. Tables are given showing results for different kinds of 

 ground. See 1863 Borsch. 



1857 Andra. 'Fehlerbestimmung bei der Auflosung der Pothe- 

 Nox'schen Aufgabe rait dem Messtische.' Astron. Nachr.^ Vol. XL VII, 

 col. 193-202. 



Points for which the probabilities of error are equal have an ellipse 

 as locus. The most probable ellipse is assumed to be given by the 

 Method of Least Squares. See Ihdl. math. phys. Acad. St. Peters., 

 Vol. VII, p. 145. 



1857 d'Arrest. ' Schreiben . . . . [iiber die Berechnung der Ge- 

 wichte].' Astron. Nachr., Vol. XL VII, col. 17-20. 



Contains formulae foi" the easy determination of the relative weights 

 of three unknown quantities, and also remarks concerning the geomet- 

 ric signification of weights and their connection with determinants. 



1857 Babinet and Housel. '■G.cdculs pratiques appliques aux 

 sciences d'' observation.'' Paris, 8vo, pp. xvi, 388. 



Mostly devoted to the theory of numerical approximations and 

 interpolation foimula?. Two pages are given to the Method of Least 

 Squares. 



1857 Baur. . Pro(/raiiim des Stuttyarter Poly- 



techiiikursus fiir 1857. 



An article on determination of weights, etc. 



Trans. Conn. Acad., Vol. IV. 26 Oct., 1877. 



