to the Method of Least Squares. 223 



1874 Seidel. ' Uebcr die Bereclinung der wahrschoinlichsten 

 Wertlie soldier Uubekaiiiiteii zwisehen welehen Bedinguugs-Gleicli- 

 ung besteheii.' Astron. JVachr., Vol. LXXXIV, col. 193-210. 



The conditional equations are regarded as having infinite weights. 

 This way of consideration appears to lead to a new method of solu- 

 tion. 



ls74 Seidel. Ueber ein Verfahren, die Gleichungen, auf welche 

 die Methode der kleinsten Quadrate fiihrt, so wie lineare Gleichungen 

 iiberhaupt, durch successive Annahrung aufzulosen. Ahhandl. Akad. 

 Muaehen for 1 874, pp. .... 



See Jahrh. Fortschr. Math., Vol. VI, p. 147. 



1875 Airy (W.). 'On the Probable Errors of Levelling; with 

 Rules for the Treatment of Accumulated Errors.' Proc. Inst. Civ. 



Engs. for 1875, pp — Engineering Keios, Vol. IV, pp. 77-78, 



84-85, 92, 98-99, 104-l(t5. 



A very valuable practical paper. 



1875 Baeyer. 'Ueber Fehlerbestimmung und Ausgleichung eines 

 geometrischen Nivellements.' Astron. JVaehr., Vol. LXXXVI, col. 

 177-188. 



Bessel's method for adjusting a triangulatiou is applied to a con- 

 nected system of levels. 



1875 Bellati. Intorno ad un modo di semplificare in alcuni casi 

 I'applicazione del metodo dei minimi quadrati al calcolo delle costanti 

 empiriche. Atti Istit. Veneto, Vol. I. 



1865 BiEXAYME. "Application d'un theoreme nouveau du Calcul 

 des probabilites.' Gomptes llendus Acad. Paris, Vol. LXXXI, pp. 

 417-423. —Bull Math, et Astron., Vol. IX, pp. 219-225. 



If a series of -observations be ai'ranged in the order of the measure- 

 ments, there are cei'tain maxima and nunima whose ]>robable number 

 and position are given by the theorem. On pp. 458-45!>, 491-492 of 

 this volume of the Courptes liendns are I'emarks by Bertrajsd on the 

 theorem. 



1875 DiENGER. ' Die LAPi.ACE'sche Methode der Ausgleichung 



von Beobachtungsfehler bei zahlreichen Beobactungen.' iJenkschr. 



AJcad. Wien, Vol. XXXIV, 42 pp. 



The method is extended to the case of several unknown quantities. 

 See Pepertofiutn Math., Vol. I, p. 241. 



