330 Albert S. Cook, 



Ocekn. Trisyllabic. Cf. Oceanns, Com. 868, and such instances 

 of personification as P.L. 4. 165; 5. 426, 



67. Who. As in P.L. 5. 139 (the sun), Com. 113 (the stars). 

 rave. Cf. l^ac. Ex. 43, ' how green-eyed Neptune raves.' 



68. birds of calm. Cf. /Elian 1. 36 : ' When the halcyon broods 

 the sea is calm, and the winds keep peace and friendship. They 

 brood in midwinter, and yet the serenity of the air affords them 

 security and the enjoyment of halcyon da3's at this season.' Among 

 other Greek writers who deal with this subject are Aristotle, Hist. 

 Anim. 5. 8 (who makes the period fourteen days, seven before and 

 seven after the solstice) ; Simonides (Smyth, Greek Melic Poets, p. 56) ; 

 Theocritus 7. 57—60 ; Leo the Academic, Ale. 2 ; Plutarch, Water or 

 Land Animals 35 ; Basil, Hexaemeron 8. 5 {Patr. Gr. 29. 178). Of 

 Latin writers may be mentioned, besides Varro, Ovid, Met. 11. 

 745-8; Pliny, Hist. Nat. 10. (32.) 47; Silius Italicus 14. 274-6; 

 Hyginus, Fab. 65; Ambrose, Hexaemeron 5. 13 {Patr. Lat. 14. 224); 

 Isidore of Seville, Etym. 12. 7. 25 {Patr. Lat. 82. 462); Eustathius 

 8. 5 {ib. 53. 951); Hrabanus Maurus, De Universo 8. 6 {ib. 111. 246) ; 

 Pseudo-Hugh of St. Victor, De Bestiis 3. 29 {ib. 177. 95) ; Vincent 

 of Beauvais, Speculum Naturale 16. 26. 



Mantuan {Opera 1. 70 b), thus writes : 



Halcyonis foetse variis nova pignora pennis 

 Jam tolli audebant, primosque efferre volatus. 



Among modern authors who have touched upon the halcyon are 

 Du Bartas (Sylvester, Works, ed. Grosart, 1. 68. 777-789; Chapman, 

 Andromeda Liberata ; Sir Thomas Browne, Vulgar Errors 3. 10 ; 

 Coleridge, To a Gentleman 87-91 ; Shelley, Epips. 411-2 ; Rev. Islam 

 1. 58. 7 ('birds of calm' borrowed from Milton); Studies for Epipsy- 

 chidion 62—4 ; Keats, Endymion 456-8 ; Landor, Retirement ; Lowell, 

 Comm. Ode XL 



brooding-. Literally, as in P.L. 1. 21. 



69. stars. Cf. Fletcher, as quoted under 21 : 



Heaven awaked all his eyes. 



To see another Sun at midnight rise. 



See also 61, note. Add Sannazaro, Part. Virg. 2. 344-5: 



video totum descendere Caelum 

 Spectandi excitum studio. 



See also Ephrem Syrus, Rhythm 1 {Select Works, ed. Morris, p. 6) : 

 ' Who would pass this night in slumber, in which all the world 

 was watchinp" ? ' 



