34 Lionel's Journey to Italy 



of Savoy (1334-1383), the uncle of Lionel's betrothed, and the 

 one who had perhaps been chiefly instrumental in arranging the 

 marriage.^*' Lionel was provided with a richly adorned apart- 

 ment at the Louvre/' where the king was in residence. On 

 Sunday he dined and supped there ; on Monday he dined with 



account of his heroic expedition to free his cousin, John Palseologus, 

 Emperor of Constantinople, in 1366, see Kervyn 11. 233-4; ^L H. P. 3 

 {Script, i). 300-370; Datta, La Spedizione in Oricnte di Amcdeo J'l 

 (Turin, 1836) ; Le Roulx, pp. 141-158; Hertzberg, Gesch. Gricclieiilands 

 2. 309, 320, 322; C. Hopf, Griechenland ini Mittelalter uiid in der Neu::eit, 

 in Ersch und Gruber's Allgemeine Encyklopddie (Leipzig, 1868), Part 86, 

 pp. 14-15 (it is interesting that in Mantua, on his return from the East, 

 he had with him, according to Datta, three falcons and a small lion ; cf. 

 Hist. Background, pp. 171, 174). His itineraries on his return are given 

 by Datta (pp. 162-3, 170-171), who notes that he reached Pavia Nov. 14, 

 and Chambery Dec. 10. 



For Amedeo in general, see Froissart, Dit don Florin 330-339, and 

 cf. pp. 23-5, 2>^, 49, 59, 85, 99, 100, 102, 107. 



'" So Cordey, p. 183 : 'lis [ Violante's father and mother! s'adresserent 

 sans doute au Conte de Savoie. ... II fut assez heureux pour decider 

 Edouard III a marier son fils Lionel, due de Clarence, avec la princesse 

 milanaise.' On Nov. 22, 1366, Galeazzo had transferred to Amedeo 

 three towns — a fact which Cordey regards as significant in this connection. 



Amedeo came to Paris to meet Lionel, but this was not his sole 

 motive. We find that on the ver}- day of Lionel's arrival, Amedeo 

 received the promise of 50,000 gold florins from the king by way of 

 indemnity for the war of Faucigny in 1355; and we have even a list 

 of his expenditures for a variety of costly articles, among the rest for 

 a hat adorned with a ruby and large pearls, destined for the king, which 

 cost 1000 florins (Cordey, pp. 184-5). At Paris he met Guillaume de 

 Machaut, then 70 years old, who presented him with a romance (perhaps 

 his Liire du Voir Dit, composed a few years earlier), and received by 

 way of gratuity the by no means inconsiderable sum of 300 golden francs 

 (Cordey, p. 185). 



It is therefore possible that here IMachaut, Froissart, and Chaucer met ; 

 this conjecture is of interest in view of Chaucer's imitation, in the Book 

 of the Duchess, of Froissart's Paradys d'Amour, which itself imitates 

 Machaut's Dit de la Fontaine Amourcusc (Kittredge, in Eng. Stud. 26. 

 336; cf. Pub. Mod. Lang. Assoc. 30. i). For imitations by Chaucer of 

 Machaut, see Wells, pp. 620, 629, 633, 634, 638, 668; Kittredge in Mod. Phil. 

 7. 465 ff. ; Pub. Mod. Lang. Assoc. 30. 1-24. 



^' Hare, Walks in Paris, pp. 36-37 : 'On the site of a hunting 

 lodge, . . . Philippe Auguste in 1200 erected a fortress, to which 

 St. Louis added a great hall, which was called by his name. The fortress 

 was used as a state prison, and its position was at first outside the city, 



