124 Appendix A 



Buchon, Hopf, and others have accepted the popular tradition. 

 Colonel Leake, on the other hand, throws doubt upon it, maintaining 

 that the English title of Clarence was derived from the district of 

 ■ Clare in Suffolk, and was borne by Prince Lionel on his succeeding 

 to the estate of Gilbert, Earl of Clare and Gloucester, uncle to his 

 wife {Peloponnesiaca, p. 212). Leake found the name TXapevr^a or 

 TXapavr'^a existing in Other parts of Greece, and derives it from the 

 Romaic name of a waterfowl, YXapos. The tradition, however, which 

 connects an English prince with the adventurers of the thirteenth 

 century in the Morea has a fascination which one is reluctant to 

 abandon, and it is conceivable that the name had a double significance 

 as bestowed on the son of Philippa of Hainault. ... 



Lionel, Duke of Clarence, died in 1369. If the title had been a 

 new one created especially for this prince, and derived from Clare 

 in Suffolk, it might be contended that a contemporary writer would 

 hardly have chosen it to give to a knight of King Arthur's court. 

 On the other hand, the legends which had gathered round the con- 

 quest of Morea and the acquisition of principalities in the Levant 

 would more readily justify the association with the round table of 

 a " name derived from the crusading epoch which developed the 

 spirit of adventure and chivalry crystallized in the Arthurian romance. 



What shall we say to these opposing views? Was Lionel's 

 title derived from Clare in Suffolk, or from Clarentza in the 

 Peloponnesus? Those who advocate the latter opinion argue 

 as follows*^ : The title to Clarentza descended from William of 

 Villehardouin (i245?-i278) to his daughter Isabella*^ (1289- 

 1307), and from her to her daughter by Florence (Florent) of 

 Hainaut, Mahault*^ (1313-8), from whom it passed (conjectur- 

 ally) to Philippa^* of Hainaut, queen of Edward III, who trans- 

 mitted it to Lionel.*^ 



" See Brockhaus, Konv.-Lexikon, 14th ed., 10. 390-391 ; cf. Meyer, 

 Grosses Konv.-Lexikon, 6th ed., 11. 94; Nouv. Larousse Illustre s. vv. 

 Clarence, Clarentza; Grande Encyc. 11. 541-2; i. 369, 370. 



^ Cf . Rodd 2. 2-3 ; Miller, pp. 205-6. 



■"Rodd 2. 19, 33, 143 iif., 148, 154-5, and Appendix III; Miller, pp. 

 190, 206, 252, 256-8. 



"As Lionel named his' daughter (and only child) Philippa, it may be 

 surmised that there was a peculiar attachment between him and his 

 mother. Lionel's daughter gave the same name to a daughter of her own 

 (b. Nov. 21, 1375). Her next child, Edmund (b. Nov. 9, 1376), named 

 a son Lionel. 



■^ It is curious how a nominal Prince of Achaia was summoned by 

 Lionel to appear before his tribunal in Milan, six days before his marriage. 

 See p. 90. 



