326 Philip Ainszvorth Means, 



our knowledge of this place to Baron Nordenskjold, and it is 

 his opinion that the remains at Samaipata are associated with 

 Arawakan builders.^ Archaeology, then, offers a slender thread 

 with which to bind the Tiahuanaco I culture with the Arawakan 

 stock at Samaipata. But this is not all the evidence afforded by 

 archaeology. The island of Marajo, at the mouth of the Amazon, 

 yields evidences of occupation by a people who had a stone 

 technique of a grade similar to that of the Tiahuanaco I people. 

 Finally the characteristic feature of the better sort of Tiahuan- 

 aco I stone-carvings is the continuity of the eyebrows and nose 

 so as to form a T-shaped figure.'' This feature is also found in 

 some of the pottery heads from Marajo in the Peabody Museum, 

 Cambridge, and likewise it is observable on the secondary decora- 

 tions of the Weeping God figure at Tiahuanaco. (See Plate 

 VII.) 



Furthermore, linguistics and a study of migrations seem to 

 throw some light on the situation. Haddon indicates roughly 

 that there was a shift of peoples from north-eastern South 

 America toward the Titicaca and Samaipata regions. Chamber- 

 lain and others indicate that members of the Arawakan linguistic 

 stock are to be found far over toward the Andes at the latitude 

 of Lake Titicaca.^° 



On the whole, then, there is a certain justification for sug- 

 gesting that the first high-cultured dwellers at Tiahuanaco were 

 derived from stock belonging to the eastern half of the continent. 

 The reader is reminded, however, that this whole point is in 

 an embryonic state of discussion. Only long and systematic 

 work will definitely establish the Arawakan derivation of the 

 Tiahuanaco I people and their culture. 



3. THE CULTURE CALLED TIAHUANACO H. 



If Tiahuanaco I was probably contemporary with the Proto- 

 Chimu and Proto-Nasca cultures of the coast, Tiahuanaco II 

 is no less probably derived, at least in part, from the latter of 

 those two coast cultures. This will be enlarged upon later on. 



^Nordenskjold, 1902, 1906, 1906b. 



® See Posnansky, 1914, Plate XXXX. 



"Haddon, 1912; Chamberlain, 1913b, p. 474 fif. 



