A Survey of Ancient Peruvian Art. 341 



the two vessels we observe the following features : ( i ) A marked 

 tendency toward realism of representation; (2) A decided lack 

 of rich and varied coloration (dark brown, red and cream color 

 being the tints found) ; (3) A gracefulness of line which is 

 not constricted by any sort of conventionalization; (4) The use, 

 by several of the human figures, of masks or face-painting, of 

 fangs and of an easily recognizable type of headdress. If the 

 reader will examine the Plates in some of the works already 

 referred to he will see further examples of these characteristics, 

 as well as some others that occur in Proto-Chimu pottery of this 

 sub-type. For example, look at the scenes from vessels shown 

 by Mr. Joyce.* These show new forms of the headdress, the use 

 of face-painting and of masks, the presence of fangs, and also 

 a curious use of girdles ending in serpent heads. The black 

 "stockings" also are found in these figures, as well as in Figure 

 I of our Plate I. Also, the use of peculiar fluted wings is rather 

 often met with.^ 



So much, then, for the modelled and painted sub-type of Proto- 

 Chimu vases. There are still several other types for us to con- 

 sider. Look, for example, at Plate I, Figure 3. This specimen, 

 the original of which is in the Peabody Museum, Cambridge, 

 comes from Chimu (Trujillo) and shows, in addition to the 

 typically Proto-Chimu fangs, a further development of the head- 

 dress. The latter seems to be composed of the stiff ridge or 

 core found in the headdresses of Figures i and 2 with the addi- 

 tion of ornaments that may be intended for feathers. These 

 feathers are important, and they will be referred to in connection 

 with our analysis of Proto-Nasca art and of the Chavin Stone. 



Plate I, Figure 4, shows an example of a type of vessel that 

 has always excited admiration in students of ceramics.*^ It is 

 called the "Portrait type." Possibly this particular example is 

 not really Proto-Chimu, but similar "portraits" have been found 

 that have painted on them unmistakable Proto-Chimu decorations. 



* Joyce, 1912, pp. 126, 127. 



" See Joyce, 1912, p. 155, for an admirable specimen of Proto-Chimu 

 vase-painting with fluted wings, serpent-tail and fanged masks. Also 

 examine plates in Reiss and Stiibel, 1880-87, and in Baessler, 1902-03. 



* See, for example, Jacquemart, 1873, PP- IQO ff- ; and Young, 1879. pp. 

 404 ff. ; Squier, 1877, pp. 180 ff. 



