Vegetation of Northern Cope Breton. 



307 



the one hand, to wide, open valleys with broad, flat floor, on the 

 other. All of the larger streams, in their passage from the 

 interior toward the coast, flow during at least part of their course 

 through deep valleys (Fig. 17), while on a lesser scale ravines 

 are well developed along many of the small brooks. In general, 

 so far as the larger streams are concerned, narrow ravines 

 (Fig. 19) are more characteristic of the higher, crystalline areas, 

 broad valleys of the lower Carboniferous regions. Broad, open 



Figure 17. — Valley of Barrasois River, just above contact between 

 crystalline and Carboniferous areas ; Pinus Strobus in right and left fore- 

 ground. Compare with Fig. 18, photographed but a short distance down- 

 stream. 



valleys ( Figs. 7, 20) are especially well developed in the zone of 

 contact between the lowland and the highland, where very fre- 

 quently the Carboniferous lowland extends as a finger-like depres- 

 sion for several miles into the heart of the higher crystalline 

 formation. The floor of such a valley, as a rule, is relatively 

 flat and is referred to locally as an Intervale. 



The glacial debris, which at one time must have buried the 

 floor of every valley to a considerable depth, has been very largely 



