392 



George E. Nichols, 



Taxus canadensis 

 Corylus rostrata 

 Rihes pro stratum 

 Amelanchier sp. 

 Nemopanthus mucronata 



Shrubs 



cc Acer spicatum 



cf Acer pennsylvanicum 



cf Lonicera canadensis 



CO Viburnum cassinoides 



cf Viburnum pauciflorum 



Herbaceous Vascular Plants 



Phcgopteris Dryopteris fl 



Phegopteris polypodioides cf 



Pteris aquilina cf 



Aspidium spinulosum var. fo 



Osmunda cinnamomea cf 



Osmunda Claytoniana ff 



Clintonia borealis cc 



Maianthemum canadensc cc 



Streptopus roseus co 



Habenaria obtusata cf 



Epipactis sp. co 



Listera cordata fo 



Coptis trifolia cc 



Mitella nuda cl 



cc 



cf 

 cf 

 cf 

 fo 



Oxalis Ac eto sella cc 



Aralia nudicaulis cc 



Cornus canadensis cc 



Moneses uniflora cf 



Pyrola secunda co 



Monotropa uniflora co 



Monotropa Hypopitys co 



Epigaea repens cf 



Chiogenes hispidula cc 



Trientalis americana cc 

 Linnaea borealis americana cc 



Solidago macrophylla ff 



Aster acuminatus cl 



Except for occasional colonies of the yew, the shrubs and 

 herbaceous vascular plants in the undergrowth seldom form 

 dense masses of vegetation. The ground is usually occupied by 

 a continuous but rather open growth of the various species men- 

 tioned above. As on Isle Royale, the most conspicuous element 

 in the herbaceous ground-cover is the bryophyte contingent, 

 whose profuse development here in these coniferous forests is 

 in striking contrast to its paucity in the deciduous climax forests 

 of the lowland. Almost everywhere the ground is overlain by a 

 soft, verdant carpet of Bazzania trilobata, Hypnum Schreberi, 

 and Hylocomium splendens, with which are associated Dicranum 

 undulatum, Rhytidiadelphus loreiis, R. triquetrus, Ptilium crista- 

 castrensis and species of Sphagnum. In the drier places the 

 hypnum alone may predominate, in moist situations the sphag- 

 nums. Ordinarily all the species mentioned, except perhaps the 

 sphagnums, are well represented. The ecological significance of 



