INDEX 



Advances made by auctioneer to foreign principal, 179. 



Advantages of auctions to English manufacturer, cost of marketing re- 

 duced, 180; customs credits provided capital, 179; defeated American 

 manufactures (see Dumping) ; ready cash market provided, 179-80. 



Auctioneers, advances made against consignments, 179 ; business profits, 

 176-8; classification in Pennsylvania, 201-2; commission rates, 176-7, 

 202; concentration of business, 177-8; importance in local affairs, 

 176-7; personnel, 177-8. 



Boycott of auctioneers, 198-9. 



Campaign against auctions, by boycott, 198-9; decline after 1830, 208; 

 federal legislation, 202-8 (see Legislation) ; protection becomes a 

 factor, 203-4; publicity campaign, 198-9; state legislation, 199-202; 

 taxes in New York, 199-201 ; taxes in Pennsylvania, 201-2. 



Catalogues issued, 174-5. 



Concentration of auction sales in few cities, 195. 



Conduct of auction sales, 173-7. 



Credit allowed, 176. 



Customs credits, acts of 1789, 1794, 1795, 186; acts of 1799, 1805, 1818, 186; 

 failure of bill of 1820, 187; act of 1832, 187-8; caused excessive im- 

 portations, 190; credits allowed, 186; defeated the tariff, 189-90; 

 effects, 188-9; favored the British, 189-90; legislation, 186-8; losses of 

 revenue, 190; objections and criticisms, 189-91; relation to auction 

 problem, 190-1 ; term of credits, 188; theory of customs credits, 188; 

 were really a loan to importer, 188-9. 



Decline, reasons for, 208. 



Display and inspection, 175. 



Dumping of English wares, eflfects, 167-8; in 1816, 165-8; in 1823, 168; 

 kinds *of merchandise, 166-8; occasioned call for protection, 169-70. 



Duties on auction sales, cause increase of goods subject to ad valorem 

 duties, 193; federal act of 1794, 202; of 1814-6, 203-4; of 1820, 204-5; 

 of 1824, 205-6; of 1829, 207-8; paid in New York, 171-3, 178-9. 



Effects of auctions, changes commercial methods, 181-2; introduced new 

 lines of goods, 181-2; lowered prices, 182-3; on interior merchant 

 operations, 184-5; on retailers, 185; on status of jobbers and mer- 

 chant importers, 183-4, 184-5. 



Embargo occasioned use of auctions, 164-5. 



Foreign account, imports on, 179 ; relative proportion on, 180-1. 



Foreign agents, activities of, 179; advantages to foreign manufacturers 

 and exporters from using, 179-80. 



Jobbers adversely affected, 183-4, 184-6, 193-4. 



Legislation, act of 1794, 202; acts of 1812-16, 203-4; repeal of these acts, 

 1818, 203-4; efforts at legislation in 1820, 205-6; in 1824, 205-6; in 

 1828, 206-7; in 1829, 207; federal legislation, 202-8; legislation in 

 New York, 199-201 ; in Pennsylvania, 201-2. 



