TJie Rhetorica of Philodemus. 335 



discovered some specific for disease. The rhetors of marked 

 ability are not often outdone in speaking by laymen, but are 

 frequently outdone in action. 



It is not rhetors but Diogenes and his like who say that only ^' 346, col. 

 the philosopher is a rhetor. For they have seen what is truly 

 advantageous to the state. 



Demetrius of Phalerum made a distinction between the acts T, 346, col. 

 of the two Philos. XLVIII. 



Also on the difference between an experienced rhetor and an inexperi- 

 enced political philosopher. 



[Some] are deceived by Diogenes and others who speak in his I, 347, col. 



'V'T TV" 



style ; the rhetors do not lead men astray but persuade them ^^^^• 

 aright. 



Someone collected instances of failure [in rhetoric]. !> 347. 



Speeches bolder than those of pathics, as Aristophanes says, i^ ^^g,' col. 

 expressing it lewdly, as was his wont. Therefore cities often LI- 

 make serious errors when they listen* to such advice. 



The great ancient rhetors maintained their position by means I, 348, col. 

 of political intelligence. ^^'■■ 



On the proper preparation for public ofike. L 349, cols. 



Xenocrates says that the /\thenians alone are able to be silent, I, 350, col. 

 and alone know how to speak. For it takes the same man to ^^* 

 do both. Good heavens ! We must certainly believe that 

 Xenocrates spoke thus before Antipater as Demetrius of Phalerum 

 has recorded in his Ilept pr)TopiKrj<;.^ 



The greatest of the practical statesmen, Pericles and Demos- I, 350, col. 

 thenes for example, received assistance from philosophers; and ^Vi. 

 to associate with Socrates was better for Alcibiades and Critias 

 than to study an art. 



The [sciences] introduce no reasoning which is aimed to I, 351, col. 

 deceive, but all the principles of the rhetoricians are aimed • 



exclusively at that, and according to Heraclitus rhetoric is the 

 prince of liars. ^ 



" This passage is discussed by Cronert in Kolotes und Menedemos, p. 

 67f. comparing II, 173, fr. XII, and Papyr. ined. 453, fr. IV, also Plut., 

 Phoc. 27 : eTretra X^yeiv dp^dfievov ovx viro/jL^viov, dXX dvTiKpovuv /cat dvffKoXaivuv 

 iwoirjcfev dirocnuTrriffai. Xenocrates' speech displeased Antipater, and he was 

 ordered to be silent, hence the taunt in this passage. 



^ On the meaning of Koiris v. Gomperz, Zeit. f. d. ost. Gym. XVII 

 (1866) p. 698. 



