The Rhctorica of Philodemus. 349 



Some select the deliberative branch of rhetoric, others the II, 213, 

 forensic, others that which pertains to experience in principles, ^°^- ■^• 

 as is the case in medicine and other arts. Demosthenes and 

 Demades worked out the deliberative and forensic branches. 



They ought not to judge Callistratus and Pericles and other II, 215, col. 

 political rhetors by the technical treatises written by those who ^^' ^- ^^• 

 are also called rhetors. 



"The Lacedaemonians," he says, "expelled rhetoric, and man- II, 216, col. 

 aged all their affairs with the help of their natural ability in ■^^^• 

 speaking." In the first place one will not grant that the Lace- 

 daemonians managed all their affairs with the help of their 

 natural ability in speaking, nor were they successful ambassadors, 

 nor for this reason would one grant they did not study rhetoric, 

 but this is a careless remark of Diogenes. And if we grant that 

 they were successful ambassadors, how does this prove that 

 they did not study rhetoric? 



"Nothing is more puerile than the speeches of the ambassadors II, 217, col. 

 trained in the rhetorical schools, who still keep up the ancient ^^^^^• 

 pride in the Tyndaridae and Atridae. Rhetoric claims to be 

 able to persuade in diplomatic negotiations by speech, not by 

 power or bribes or dignities or anything else an ambassador 

 might possess." What if the Spartans possess natural aptitude 

 with which they persuade in diplomatic negotiations? Shall we 

 say that rhetoric is of no assistance to them in speaking as 

 ambassadors ? 



If some who are not rhetors make good ambassadors, how II. 218, col. 

 does that prove that the art of rhetoric is not the art of politics? ^^V. 



"Even the Athenians, though fond of rhetoric are tired of 

 periods, and those who savor of art and school rhetoric." It is 

 ridiculous to say that the Athenians are tired of this. Why are 

 they more tired now? 



"But not all of them savored of art and school rhetoric, 

 Aristophon and Aeschines for example, and they did not use 

 loose sentence structure. "^*' 



[Since] there are philosophers who are accustomed to talk n, 219, col. 

 nonsense — men like you and Critolaus — listen to [Zeno?] say- ^V. 

 ing; "The experience of political rhetors which depends entirely 

 on opportunity, teaches one at one time to make a lengthy speech, 



" For \e\v/jL^vat.s Sudhaus made in the index /cexu/x^wis. Radermacher, 

 Rhein. Mus. LIV (1899) p. 356, suggests Karayvufx^vais. 



