The Rlictorica of Pliilodemus. 293 



One who spells Dionysus is not more grammatical than one H, 88, fr. 

 who spells Theodoras.*^ . . . The physician and grammarian 

 attempt to impart certain things to others, and to instruct stu- 

 dents of grammar and medicine; similarly, the rhetor . . . 



Let us say that music and medicine and Epicurean philosophy ]^- 82, fr. 

 are not arts. Consequently they will say that there is no char- 

 acteristic exercise in the arts, and judge that the assistance that 

 comes from the arts . . . 



It is quite incredible that Isocrates accomplished any such H, 70. fr. 

 result with this faculty.*" ^^' ■^^''^'^' 



If the Spartans and Romans manage their governments without H, 65. fr. II. 

 the aid of rhetoric . . ."^ 



BOOK III. 



.•\t the close of the second book Philodemus remarks : "Sophistic is 

 not the knowledge of political rhetoric; this section we shall take up in 

 the Hypomnematismus which is to follow. In that it will be demon- 

 strated that political ability cannot come from these sophistical schools 

 any more than from the common schools or the philosophical schools; 

 that oftentimes the possession of it is responsible for no small mischief, 

 and does not bring success in actual law cases." 



This is the only certain indication that we have of the contents of the 

 third book. Sudhaus thinks that some of the fragments of the Hypom- 

 nematicon may belong to this book, but the two works overlap so much 

 that the question cannot be settled with certainty. 



BOOK IV. 



The contents of this book may be deduced from the closing paragraph, 

 I, 222, col. XLIIa, 4. ' ATTOTedeojpTjfx^vtiJV Toiyapovv, w VaCe vai, airavTwv & fi^prj 

 (paai TLves Kal 8i!)dyiJ.aTa ttjs prjroptK^s inrApxeiv, 6ti to. p.kv KaTeipevffTaL, to. 5' 

 ovMv xP^C'Mf'^f' ■'"O'S P-V TO, priTopLKa ffocpKrTevovai., SfjXov 6tl Tro/jLTrevirat nap auToh 

 TO p.7]T^pa tQ)v pa^ripaTiov Kal tQiv rexvCou eivai Kai tlv ivdrKrjv Kal atpiTTjpLOv ttjv 

 p-i)TopiKT]v Kal p.dX\ov (Ti p.eTd ttjs Tveidous Xafx^avonivriv. It was a criticism 

 of rhetoric, following the divisions of the ordinary rhetorical techne. 

 All that remains is the t-reatment of X^t's or (f>pd<Tis, and virSKpia-ts, with 

 a short digression on the province of the orator. The study of the book 



" I. e. different words have different spellings, and dift'erent arts have 

 different principles, but one is an art just as much as the other. 



*' Isocrates is representative of sophistic. The sentence means : It is 

 incredible that sophistic trains for practical rhetoric. 



*'' Cf. the use of the same argument in the larger fragment, I, 14, fr. V. 



