50 DESCRIPTIOXS OF ETHEOSTOMOIDS. 



spinous dorsal and the second under its last rays, the third under mid- 

 dle of soft dorsal and the fourth immediately behind it, the fifth a 

 mere cross-blotch on back of tail. On middle of back these bars are 

 narrower than the interspaces, but grow much wider downward. Mid- 

 dle of sides with a series of 8 or 9 quadrate dusky blotches, more or 

 less confluent, as in E. aspro. Below pale, unmarked. Dorsals, caudal, 

 and pectorals more or less evidently barred with light and dark ; ven- 

 trals and anal unmarked. No bright colors in life. 



Several specimens from the Saline liiver at Benton, Ark. 



4. Etheostoma (Hadropterus) squamatus Gilbert «fe Swain, sp. uov. 36652. 



Body elongate, the sides and caudal peduncle compressed ; back ele- 

 vated, the profile forming a slight angle at occiput ; head very long and 

 slender, with a long acuminate snout, as in E. phoxocephalum, which 

 this species somewhat resembles in appearance. Cleft of mouth long 

 and narrow, the lower jaw included in closed mouth ; maxillary reach- 

 ing vertical from front of orbit, its length equaling that of snout, 3J 

 times in head ; upper jaw not protractile. Bands of teeth very wide, 

 the outer premaxillary series enlarged. Vomerine patch well devel- 

 oped. Eye moderate. If in snout, 4f in head to end of opercular spine, 

 2^ times the furjowed iuterorbital width. Preopercular margin strictly 

 entire. Gill-membranes widely united across isthmus. 



Spinous dorsal long and low, spines from the 3d to the 10th subequal 

 in length, those anteriorly and posteriorly gradually shortened ; longest 

 spine one-third length of head. Spinous and soft dorsals well separated. 

 Base of soft dorsal equaling one-half the distance from its origin to front 

 of spinous dorsal. Anal shorter than soft dorsal, but higher and inserted 

 more anteriorly; anal spines strong, the first slightly the longer, about 

 equaling length of snout. Highest anal ray nearly half length of head. 

 Caudal emarginate, the lobes rounded, 14 in head. Pectorals equaling 

 length of head behind front of eye. Ventrals If in head. 



Body covered with very small scales, uniform in size, and completely 

 investing the ventral region, which is without series of enlarged scutes. 

 Cheeks, breast and nuchal region covered with still finer scales having 

 entire edges, and the opercle with larger. spinous scales; interopercle 

 and part of subopercle naked. An enlarged black humeral scale. 



Head, 3^ in length ; depth, 5^. D. XIY-13; A. II, 10. Lateral line 

 82 ; 10 series between lateral line and middle of base of spinous dorsal, 

 18 in a vertical series from hit. 1. to middle of belly. 



Colors in life : Yellowish-olive, with about 10 broad dusky bars across 

 the back, and an equal number of dusky blotches along lateral line ; a 

 conspicuous black humeral spot ; a broad black line forward from eye 

 to snout, and a narrower line backward from eye to upper preopercular 

 margin ; opercle and occiput largely dusky. A diffuse dusky blotch at 

 base of tail, with a small, round, jet-black spot behind it. Spinous 

 dorsal translucent, with a broad subterminal brownish-orange bandj 



