1887.] PROCEEDINGS OF UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 311 



fl-. Tarsus about equal to exposed culaicu or middle toe ; hind claw more than oue- 

 fourtli the length of the tarsus ; predominating colors, black, gray, and differ- 

 ent shades of chestnut and rufous (PiiOYX) [J. p»)*j>)frea.] 



(133.) Ardea cinerea Linx. 



Common Reron. Awo-sagi. 



l7o8.— Ardea cinerea Linx., S. N., 10 ed., I, p. 143.— W., S. N., 12 ed., I, p. 236 (1766). 

 — TeMxMJXCK, Man. d'Om., 2ed., Ill, p. lii (1835) ; IV, p. 371 (1840).— 

 Temm. & SCHLEG., Fauna Japon,, Aves, -p. 114 (1849).— Cassix, Perry's 

 Exp. Jap., II, p. 244 (1858).— ZfZ., Journ. f. Orn., 1858, p. 450.— Schlegel, 

 Mus. P.-Bas, Ardeae, p. 5 (1863). — FMartexs, Preuss. Exped. Ost-Asien, 

 Zool., I, p. 83 (1866), p. 371 (1876).— SwiXHOE, Ibis, 1876, p. 335.— M'Vean, 

 Pr. E. Phys. Soc. Edinb.,1877, Extr., p. 7. — Blakist. & Pryer, Ibis, 1878, 

 p. 223.— i;^., Tr.As. Soc. Jap., VIII, 1880, p. 199.— lid., Hid., X, 1882, p. 

 118.— Blakist., Chrysanth., Feb., 1883, p. — .— Id., Amend. List. B.Jap., 

 p. 12 (1384).— JOUY, Proc.U. S. Nat. Mus., VI, 1883, p. 317. 



1848.— ? Ardea leucoplma Gould, P. Z. S., 1848, p. 58. 



1874.— ? Jr<7ea Irag Taczaxowski, Journ. f. Orn., 1874, pp. 335, 336(Hfc Geoffk. St. 

 HiL.).— 7(7., Bull. Soc. Zool. France, 1876, p. 258. 



With only a few fragments of a youug bird from Japan (U. S. Nat. 

 Mus. No. 91600), I can say notliing as to the correctness of referring 

 the Japanese Awo-sagi to the true Ardea cinerea. I trust, however, 

 that Mr. P. L. Jouy, who collected this species in Korea, will soon have 

 something to say in regard to the Eastern birds. 



Subgenus Phoyx* Stejneger. 



[Ardea purpurea Lixx. ] 



Purple Heron. 



1766. — Ardea purpurea Lixx., S. N., 12 ed., I, p. 236. — Temmixck, Man.d'Orn., 2 ed., 

 IV, 372 (1840).— SwiXHOE, Ibis, 1863, p. 319.— Hartlaub &: FixscH, Vog. 

 Ost-Afr. (p. 676), (1870).— Arm. David, Nouv. Arch. Mus. d'Hist. Nat. Bul- 

 let., VII, p. 12 (1871).— Dresser, B. of Eur., VI, 217 (1875).— Walden, Tr. 

 Zool. Soc. Loud., IX, 1875, p. 236. 



1769. — Ardea rufa Scopoli, Ann. I Hist. Nat., p. 87 {nee BODD., 1783). 



1769. — Ardea variegata Scopoli, Ann. I Hist. Nat., p. 88. 



1774. — Ardea caspia S. G. Gmelix, Eeise Russl., II, (p. 193, pi. 24). 



1787. — Ardea riitila Latham, Syu. Suppl., I,p. 291. 



1788. — Ardea bolaurus Gmelix, S. N., I, p. 636. 



1788. — Ardea purpurata Gmelix, S. N., I, p. 641. 



1799. — Ardea monticola La Peyrouse, Tab. M6th. Mamm. Ois. (p. 44). 



1831. — Ardea purpurascens Brehm, Haudb. Vog. Deutschl.,p. 583. 



1834. — 1 Ardea imrpurea var. manillensis Meyen', Nov. Acta Ac. Leop. Carol., XIV, 

 suppl. i (p. 102). 



"1855. — Ardea pliaraonica Boxaparte, Cousp. Av.,II, p. 113. 



The Purple Heron has been found as far east as China and the Philip- 

 pine Islands, but there is no authentic record of it having been obtained 

 anywhere in Japan, although it is vaguely stated by various authors 

 {Swinhoe, Hartlaub & Finsch, Dresser, II. cc.) that it occurs there, 

 statements which are probably based upon the assertion of Temminck 

 {I. c.) that the Purple Heron is " tout aussi abondante que I'espece pr6- 



* ^d}v^, a species of Heron mentioned by Aristoteles (IX; 17.2), possibly Ardea pur- 

 ^urea. 



