No. 1.] DONALD ELEPHANT REMAINS. 55 



tusk belonging to the remains for which the new species was 

 formed, B. and the one from W. Territory, A. we can make the 

 followini( table : « 



A B 



Weight of tusk 145 lbs. 180 lbs. 



Length on outer curve 120 ins. 129 ins. 



Circumference at base 19i " 20 " 



'< two feet from base 22 '« 22 « 



The remains on which the species E. Jacksoni was founded, 

 were discovered in a " deposit accumulated just after the close of 

 the northern drift period, and while the river terraces were in 

 process of formation." Other elephant remains, found at Zanes- 

 ville, Ohio, in 1852, described by Prof. J. Wyman in the pro- 

 ceedings of the American Association for 1857, and referred to 

 E. Jacksoni, were found in what is called "valley drift." This 

 drift is composed " of loam, sand and gravel filling up the original 

 valley of the stream that had been excavated out of the palaeozoic 

 rocks." Tne remains described by Mr. Billings, and now in the 

 museum of the Geological Survey, were taken from strata " ap- 

 parently formed just after the close of the upper drift period, 

 and belonging to the well-known lake ridges and terraces." The 

 remains from Washington Territory were taken from it bog re- 

 presenting, most probably, a drift deposit filling up a former 

 valley and, therefore, in all probability, corresponding in geologi- 

 cal age to the deposits whence the specimens of E. Jachsoni 

 above mentioned were obtained. 



On comparing, therefore, as we have just done, the elephant 

 remains from Washington Territory with bones referred by three 

 different authors to E. Jacksoni, and taking into consideration 

 the probable identity in geological age of the several deposits 

 yielding these remains, we are led to the belief that the elephant 

 remains represented by the molar before us belonged to an indi- 

 vidual of the species Elej)has Jacksoni of Messrs. Briggs and 

 Foster, and that this individual lived either immediately anterior 

 to the appearance of man, or just after his advent upon this 

 planet. 



But this question still confronts us : Were the peculiarities 

 upon which E. Jacksoni was proposed of sufficient importance to 

 warrant the formation of a new species, or were they only of 

 varietal value ? 



