No. 2,] CAMPBELL — AMERICAN INDL\N TRIBES. 75 



Tockill, who is undoubtedly the Malay- Polynesian Tangaloa or 

 Tagala, according to the Popol Vuh or sacred book of the Qui- 

 ches, called the earth into being in a similar waste ol' waters. 

 The Ojibbeways and Delawares tell an identical story of Mani- 

 tou ; while other Algonquin tribes make the rat his agent in the 

 work of creation. The notion of the Ojibbeways of Lake Supe- 

 rior that they inhabited an island, and their habit of alluding to 

 the American continent as such, seemed surprising to Kohl, the 

 traveller, who imagined it to be the result of knowledge acquired 

 by exploration, instead of a necessary result of their system of 

 cosmoloiry. In their un- Darwinian account of the origin of man 

 the Malay-Polynesians, Algonquins and Maya-Quichds agree. 

 The Tagalas of the Philippines believed that " mankind sprang 

 out of a large cane with two joints, and the man came out of one 

 joint and the woman out of the other." In Samoa the tradition is 

 that the first land brought forth wild vines, and from the worms 

 which developed when they rotted men and women were pro- 

 duced. According to the Delawares, Manitou, having brought 

 up the first land from the ocean, made man and woman out of 

 a tree ; and, in one of the Ojibbeway legends in Kitchi-Gami, 

 the first man appears among the reeds which Manitou had planted 

 upon the shore. Compare tliese with the Quiche legend, in 

 which "man was made of a tree called tzite^ woman, of the mar- 

 row of a reed called sihac,'' and there appears an agreement in 

 tradition to which I know of no parallel. I have already stated 

 that the Quiche or Maya-Quiche Tockill is the Polynesian. 

 Tangaloa and the eponym of the Tagalas in the Philippines 

 This is confirmed not only by the identity of the Tagalan and 

 Quiche accounts of the creation of man, but also by the appear- 

 ance of the Quiche deity Bitol in tlie Tagalan Bathala, just as 

 the Algonquin Waubuno reappears in the Polynesian Ofanu. 

 The Algonquins, Quiches and Abipones agree with some Polyne- 

 sian peoples in identifying the soul with the shadow ; and Mr. 

 Tylor, in his Primitive Culture, draws special attention to " the 

 conception of the spirit voice as being a low murmur, chirp or 

 whistle, as it were the ghost of a voice," a conception common 

 to the Polynesians and the Algonquins. 



Space or rather the lack of it precludes my saying anything of 

 the physical and moral characteristics of the Algonquins, Maya- 

 Quiches and Mbaya Abipones, as compared with those of the 

 Malay-Polynesians. I may simply refer the reader who has any 



