No. 5.] CAMPBELL — HITTITES IN AMERICA. 285 



uvian grammar is essentially Turanian. Dr. Hyde Clarke finds 

 in the name Aymara evidence of Sumerian connection, and this 

 evidence finds confirmation in many facts concerning the Ayma- 

 ras. The chief seat of this people was about Lake Titicaca, and 

 a short distance from its shores stand the ruins of Tihuanaco, 

 consisting of a large group of immense stones, each from six ta 

 seven yards high, placed in lines at regular intervals. It haa 

 been fitly termed "a Peruvian stonehenge," and a tradition pre- 

 vails concerning it identical with that which ancient chroniclers 

 preserve regarding the famous English structure, namely, that it 

 was erected in a single night by an invisible hand. Turning 

 again to the Berber region of Africa, where the Amor live and 

 megalithic structures akin to that at Tihuanaco are found, we 

 discover fuller confirmation. Messrs. Rivero and Von Tschudi 

 in their work on Peruvian Antiquities, speaking of the peculiarity 

 of the contour of the arch of the Aymara cranium, say : " It is 

 proper here to remark that there is a very striking conformity 

 between the configuration of this race and that of the Guanches, 

 or inhabitants of the Canaries, who used also the same mode of 

 preserving the bodies of their dead." The latter allusion is to 

 the practice of mummification, which the Khita-Sumerians must 

 have learned during their occupancy of Lower Egypt, and which 



* Further evidence for an American connection of the Berber family 

 to which the Guanches belonged is found in the statements of Dr. Le 

 Plongeon and other explorers of Central America, quoted in the 

 admirable work of my colleague, Professor Short, of Columbus, Ohio, 

 " The North Americans of antiquity." Eeferring to the statue of 

 Chaac-Mol at Chichen-Itza in Yucatan, Professor Short says : " he is 

 adorned with a head-dress, with bracelets, garters of feathers and 

 sandals similar to those found upon the mummies of the ancient 

 Guanches of the Canary Islands." And again : " Dr. Le Plongeon 

 observed that the sandals upon the feet of the statue of Chaac-Mol, 

 discovered at Chichen-Itza, and of the statue of a priestess found at 

 the island of Mugeres, are exact representations of those found on 

 the feet of the Guanches, the early inhabitants of the Canary Islands, 

 whose mummies are occasionally met with in the caves of Teneriffe 

 and the other isles of the group." 



Now the language of the Mayas of Yucatan and their mythology 

 are purely Malay-Polynesian, and cannot be associated with those of 

 the Berbers. We must, therefore, regard such remains, differing as 

 they do from the general character of their surroundings, as indicating 

 a temporary occupation of Yucatan at some ancient period by the 

 race which afterwards colonized New Granada and Peru. 



