No. 6.] G. M. DAWSON — BRITISH COLUxMBIA TREES. 325 



Hanges. On the Salmoa River the cedar ceases at forty-five 

 miles from the head of Dean Inlet at an elevation of 2400 feet, 

 "though like the hemlock it is again found sparingly and in a 

 stunted form in the lower part of the Iltusyouco Valley. On the 

 Homathco it ceases at a distance of sixty-three miles from the 

 ■coast at an elevation of 2720 feet. On the Uz-tli-hoos it ends 

 with the hemlock at about six miles east of Boston Bar, on the 

 Coquihalla, just south of the summit between that river and the 

 Coldwater. Cedars are also found sparingly on the Skaist River 

 or east branch of the Skagit, and a few were observed on the 

 banks of the Similkameen, about thirteen miles below Vermilion 

 Forks. It extends westward from the flanks of the Gold Range 

 in the Coldstream Valley sparingly to within eight miles of the 

 head of Okana2;an Lake. It abounds round the shores of the 

 north-eastern part of Shuswap Lake, and on the North Thompson 

 Valley to about twenty miles below the mouth of the Clearwater. 

 It is said that there is also a small grove of these trees on the 

 Fraser below Fort George. 



On the coast it not unfrequently surpasses fifteen feet in dia- 

 meter with a height of 100 to 150 feet, but such large trees are 

 invariably hollow. The wood is good, pale yellowish or reddish, 

 and very durable, but it is not yet extensively used except for 

 the manufacture of shingles. From this tree the Indians split 

 out the planks which they use in the construction of their lodges 

 along the coast, and in the north make the carved posts which 

 ornament their villages. They also hollow their large and elegant 

 -canoes in it, and use the fibre of the inner bark for rope making 

 and other purposes. 



Picea Engelmanni, Parry. Engelmann's spruce. This tree 

 Tesembles the black spruce of the cast, but reaches a larger size, 

 frequently surpassing three feet in diameter, and running up tall 

 and straight. It appears to characterize the interior plateau and 

 eastern part of the province, with the exception of the dry south- 

 ern portion of the former, and forms dense forests in the moun- 

 tains. Varieties occur, which, according to Dr. Engelmann, who 

 lias examined my specimens, are almost indistinguishable from 

 Picea alba, and to the north-eastward these varieties preponde- 

 rate. Specimens collected on the Peace River plateau (lat. 55*** 

 46' 54", long. 120° 20', altitude 2600 feet) are still referable to 

 P. Engelmanni, but trees on the Athabasca (lat. 54° 7' 34", 



