BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 117 



KEY TO THE SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF FORMICARIUS. 



a. Pileum and hindneck rufescent or tawny, conspicuously different from color of 

 back; outer wel> of exterior feather of alula light tawny or buff. 

 b. Forehead bright tawny or rufescent, like crown, etc. (Southeastern Brazil.) 



Formicarius colma (extralimital).'* 

 bb. Forehead black or dusky. (Amazon Valley to Cayenne and Colombia.) 



Formicarius nigrifrons (extralimital).^ 

 aa. Pileum dull brownish, not very different from color of ))ack, or else black; outer 

 web of exterior feather of alula grayish l)rown. 

 b. Chest black, l)rownish gray, or slaty. 

 c. Sides of neck similar in color to hindneck, not rufescent or cinnamomeous. 

 d. Pileum brown, like back, with only centers of feathers blackish; chest slate- 

 gray in contrast with black of throat. (P>olivia to northeastern Peru.) 



Formicarius aualis (extralimital).c 

 dd. Pileum and chest black. (Costa Pica and western Panama.) 



Formicarius analis nigricapillus (p. 118). 

 cc. Sides of neck rufescent or cinnamomeous. {Fon)iicarius inonUlgcr.) 



d. Under tail-coverts only partly, if at all, rusty, tawny, or cinnamomeous, the 

 longer (posterior) ones being dusky margined with brown. 

 e. A distinct rusty or cinnamomeous collar across foreneck. 

 /. Darker, the back, etc., bright mummy brown to chestnut-brown, the 

 chest sooty slate-gray. (Southeastern Mexico, except Yucatan, to 



Guatemala) Formicarius moniliger moniliger (p. 119). 



jr. Paler, the back, etc., raw-umber to light olive-brown, the chest mouse 

 gray to drab-gray. 



a Formicarius colma Boddaert, Tabl. PL Fnl., 1783, 44 (=young; based on Le 

 Colma, de Cayenne Daubenton, PL EnL, pi. 703, fig. 1); Sclater, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., 

 XV, 1890, 502.— [Tiirdiis] colma Gmelin, Syst. Nat., i, pt. 2, 1789, 827.— Myrmothcra 

 colma Vieillot, Tabl. Enc. Meth., 1822, G81, CS'i.—Myiothera colma Cabanis, in Schom- 

 burgk's Reis. Brit. Guiana, iii, 1848, 680. — FormicariHs cayancnsis Boddaert, Tabl. 

 PL EnL, 1783, 50 (= adult; based on Lc Tetana, de Cayenne Daubenton, PL EnL, 

 pi. 821); Ridgway, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., xvi, 1893, 670 (monogr.). — M[yrmornis] 

 cayancnsis Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., ii, 1859, 7. — Myiothera tctcma Burmeister, 

 Syst. Ueb. Th. Bras., iii, 1856, 46. — Myioturdus tetema Maximilian, Beitr. Naturg. 

 Bras., iii, 1831, 1030. — Myrmotherafuscicapilln YieiWot, Nouv. Diet. d'Hist. Nat., xii, 

 1817, 112.— Myoihera riificeps Spix, Av. Bras., i, 1825, 72, pi. 72, fig. 1 (locality not 

 given; coll. ^lunich Mus.). — Formicarius ruficeps Pelzeln, Orn. Bras., ii Abth., 

 1869, 90, part. — Formicarius ruficeps ruficeps Hellmayr, Orn. Monats., x, March, 1902, 

 35 (geog. range). 



b Formicarius niyrifrons Goidd, Ann. and Mag. N. H., ser. 2, xv. May, 1855, 344 

 Chamicuros, e. Peru; coll. J. Gould); Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1855 (pub. May 16),) 

 68; Sclater, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., xv, 1890, 303; Ridgway, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 

 xvi, 1893, 672 (monogr.). — Formicarius colma nigrifrons Snethlege, Journ. fiir Orn., 

 Jan., ]908, 17 (Rio Puriis, w. Brazil). — (?) Formicarius mcjrifrons glaucopect us Ridg- 

 way, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xvi, no. 961, Nov. 28, 1893, 673, in text (British Guiana; 

 coll. U. S. Nat. Mus.). 



<^ M[y other a'\ ancdis D'Orbiguy and Lafresnaye, Synop. Av., in Mag. de ZooL, 1837, 

 14; cl. ii, pis. 77-79 (Yuracares and Chiquitos, Bolivia); D'Orbigny, Voy. Amer. 

 M6rid., Ois., 1839, pi. 6 bis, fig. 1.— Formicarius aiialis Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 

 1857, 46; Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., xv, 1890, .304, part; Ridgway, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 

 xvi, 1893, 673 (monogr.). — Formicarius analis analis Hartert, Novit. ZooL, ix, Dec, 

 1902, 613 (Bolivia to e. Peru; diagnosis). — M[yrmornis] analis Cabanis and Heine, 

 Mus. Hein., ii, 1859, 7. 



