BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 197 



tinctly, shorter; hallux about as long as mner toe but much stouter; 

 basal phalanx of middle toe wholly united to outer toe, united for 

 most, if not the whole, of its length to inner toe; claws large and strong, 

 acute, that of the hallux nearly as long as the digit. 



Coloration. — Ta^\aiy or rufescent brown above, the rump, upper tail- 

 coverts, and tail cinnamon-rufous; wings sometimes partly black; 

 pileum and hindneck (sometimes back also) streaked; chin, throat, 

 and tuft on sides of neck white or buff; under parts of body tawny 

 or light ocher-bro"\vnish, the chest more or less distinctly flammulated 

 or squamated. 



Nidification. — Nests placed in holes of trees; eggs white. 



Range. — Costa Rica to Peru and Bolivia. (Three species.) ° 



KEY TO THE SPECIES OF PSEUDOCOLAPTES. 



a. Neck-tufts white; primaries and wing-coverts rusty brown. (Colombia to Ecuador, 



Peru, and Bolivia) Pseudocolaptes boissonneautii (extralimital).^ 



aa. Neck-tufts buff; primaries and wing-coverts brownish black. (Costa Rica and 

 western Panamd. ) Pseudocolaptes lawrencii (p. 197). 



PSEUDOCOLAPTES LAWRENCH Ridgway. 



LAWRENCE'S PSEUDOCOLAPTES. 



Adults (sexes alike). — Pileum with feathers dusky basally and 

 laterally (and sometimes on terminal margin), the mesial and terminal 

 or subterminal portions light brown, with a narrow shaft-streak of paler 

 (bulfy or buffy whitish) ; hind-neck similarly marked but with the 

 pale mesial streaks much broader; back and sca])ulars tawny-brown 

 or russet, the feathers usually with narrow and mostly indistinct 

 terminal margins of dusky; rump and upper tail-coverts plain 

 rufous-tawny, the tail clear cinnamon-rufous, with shafts of rectrices 

 chestnut; lesser wing-coverts tawny-brown or russet, dusky centrally 

 (this mostly concealed) ; middle and greater coverts black or brown- 

 ish black, tipped with tawny-buff or ochraceous; secondaries plain 

 tawny-brown or russet, the distal ones passing into black basally; 

 primaries grayish browai, the shorter (proximal) ones more blacldsh; 

 lores dusky grayish browii; auricular region blackish brown or 

 dusky, narrowly streaked with dull whitish or buffy, margined above 

 by a narrow (usually indistinct) superciUary and supra-auricular 

 streak of dull buffy or whitish; chin, throat, and malar region im- 



o I have not seen P.Jlavescens Berlepsch and Stolzmann, from central Peru. 



b Anabates boissonneautii Lafresnaye, Rev. Zool., iii, Apr., 1840, 104 (Bogota, 

 Colombia; coll. A. Boissonneau). — Ph[ilydor\ boissoneautii Reichenbach, Handb. 

 Spec. Orn., 1853, 200. — 0[tip7ie] boissonneaui Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., ii, 

 Aug., 1859, 30 (Caracas, Venezuela). — Pseudocolaptes boissoneauti Sclater, Proc. 

 Zool. Soc. Lend., 1860, 88 (Puellaro, Ecuador); Cat. Bu-ds Brit. Mus., xv, 1890, 78, 

 excl. eyn. part. — Anabates auritus Tschudi, Wiegm. Archiv fiir Naturg., xiii, pt. i, 

 1844, 294; Fauna Peruana, Aves, 1845, 239. — P[seudocola ptes] semicinnamomeus 

 Reichenbach, Handb. Spec. Orn., 1853, 210 (Bogota). 



