BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 613 



ones sometimes with the central area pale grayish or hrownisli ter- 

 minally; bill, etc., as in adult male; length (skins), 79-90 (85); 

 whig, 43-45 (44.4); tail, 24.5-28 (26.4); exposed culmcn, 17-19 (18).« 



Young male. — Smiilar to the adult female but upper tail-coverts 

 cinnamon-rufous, with a terminal spot of metallic bronze-green; 

 middle pair of rectrices cinnamon-rufous with terminal portion 

 metallic bronze-green (sometimes partly l)lackisli) the lateral rec- 

 trices with white tip smaller and cinnamon-rufous deeper and more 

 extensive, and featliers of throat with a terminal mesial spot or streak 

 of dusky metallic bronze or bronze-green. 



Young female. — Similar to the adult female but featliers of upper 

 parts (es})ecially rump and upper tail-coverts) naiTowly and indis- 

 tinctly margined terminally with pale dull cinnamon or bufVy, and 

 tliroat spotted or streaked with dark bronzy, as in young male. 



Western North America; north to coast district of Alaska as far 

 as latitude Gl° (Eagle Lake; Glacier; Lake Bennett); east to Alberta 

 (Banff, headwaters of Peace River, and 15 miles south of Henry 

 House, breeding), Montana (Flathead Lake, breeding; Chief Moun- 

 tain Lake; Nyack, June 22; Columbia Falls), Wyoming (Carbon, 

 Jul}^, Colorado (breeding at from 6,500-10,500 feet), and New 

 Mexico (upper Pecos River, 7,500-9,000 feet, breeding; Deer S])rings 

 and Inscription Rock, July); breeding southward to higher moun- 

 tains of New Mexico and Arizona (Santa Catalina range), northern 

 California (lower McCloud River; JMount Shasta; Camp Bidwell; 

 Humboldt Bay and northward along coast) and southward along 

 coast to Santa Clara County and in Sierra Nevada at least to Cal- 

 averas County (Big Trees), as well as, locally (in Transition and 

 Canadian zones), throughout the general range; in winter some 

 migrating southward to Lower California (San Quintin; Cerros 

 Island), Santa Biirbara Islands, and over highlands of IMexico, through 

 States of Sonora (San Jose Mountains, August), Zacatecas (Plateado, 

 September; Xeres, September; Sierra do Valpariaso, August), Michoa- 

 can (Patzcuaro, August), Colima (Yolciin de Colima, January), Mexico 

 (near City of Mexico; Ajusco; Tetelco; Tlalpilm, December; Volcdn do 

 Toluca, September), San Luis Potosi (mountains near Jesus Maria, 

 September) and Vera Cruz (Mirador) to Oaxaca (LaParada; 15 miles 

 west of Oaxaca City, September). 



[Trochilus] rufus Gmelin, Syst. Nat., i, pt. ], 1788, 497 (Nootka Sound, British 



Colombia; based on Ruffed lionet/sucker Pennant, Arctic Zool., ii, 290; 



Ruff-neched Humming Bird Latham, Gen. Synop., i, pt. 2, 785). — Latham, 



Index Orn., i, 1790, 315. 

 Trochilus rufus Jardine, Nat. Libr., Humming birds, ii, 1833, 97, pi. 11. — 



Audubon, Orn. Biog., iv, 1838, 555, pi. 379. — Nuttall, Man. Orn. U. S. 



and Can., 2d ed., i, 1840, 714. — American Ornithologists' Union, Check 



a Eleven specimens. 



