BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 751 



Bill strong, as deep as broad at nostrils, the ciilmen strongly 

 curved, sometimes distinctly ridged, sometimes rounded; gonys 

 shorter than mandibular rami, more or less convex, ascending ter- 

 minally; anterior half of mandibular tomia strongly but irregularly 

 serrate, the maxillaiy rami less strongly so; tip of mandible pro- 

 duced into a distinct ascenchng point. Nostril rounded, nonoper- 

 culate, mostly concealed by strong, antrorse, decurved bristles. 

 Feathering of head normal ; feathers of cliin and malar apex antrorse, 

 bristle-like, the former strongly recurved; seventh, sixth, or seventh 

 and sixth primaries longest, the tenth (outermost) less than half as 

 long as the longest; tail equal to or slightly longer than wing, gradu- 

 ated for more than one-third its length, the middle rectrices truncate, 

 the lateral ones subtruncate, at tip. Tarsus decidedly shorter than 

 longest anterior toe, feathered for upper half or more; anterior toes 

 united for basal and part of second phalanx. 



Coloration. — iVdult males with upper parts (except wings and, 

 sometimes, head), metallic green or blue, the middle rectrices tipped 

 with black; wings black or blackish slate; chest slate-blackish or 

 glossed with metallic bluish green, blue, or violet, the remaining 

 under parts orange-yellow or (in T. hairdii) reddish orange or orange- 

 red; lateral rectrices extensively white terminally and on outer 

 web or very broadly tipped with white. Adult females with head, 

 neck, chest, and upper parts plain slate color, the wing-coverts 

 sometimes narrowly barred with white. 



Range. — Western Mexico to Peru and eastern Brazil. (Five 

 species.) 



KEY TO THE SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF TROGON. 



a. Back, scapulars, rump, upper tail-coverts, and middle rectrices brightly metallic 

 green or blue. (Adult males.) 

 b. Pileum and chest glossed, more or less, with metallic blue or violet. 

 c. Posterior under parts reddish orange or orange-red. (Southwestern Costa 



Rica and western Panamd.) Trogon bairdii, adult male (p. 752). 



cc. Posterior under parts orange-yellow. (Trogon strigilalus.) 



d. Lateral rectrices less extensively white (the basal black on outermost pair 

 extending much beyond the under tail-coverts. (Caribbean slope of 

 Colombia to Cayenne, upper Amazons, and southeastern Brazil.) 



Trogon strigilalus strigilalus (and other South American subspecies), 

 adult mule (extralimital)/' 



o [Trogon] strigilalus Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. 12, i, 1766, 167, no.'l (=adult female; 

 based on Trogon cayanensis cinereus Brisson, Om., iv, 165, pi. 16, fig. 1). — Trogon 

 strigilatus Stephens, Shaw's Gen. Zool., ix, 1815, 10. — [Trogon] viridis Linnaeus, Syst. 

 Nat., ed. 12, i, 1766, 167, no. 3 (=adult male; based on Trogon cayanensis viridis 

 Brisson, Om., iv, 168, pi. 17, fig. 1). — Trogon viridis Stephens, Shaw's Gen. Zool., ix, 

 1815, 11, pi. 4; Gould, Mon. Trog., ed. 2, 1869, pi. 21 and text; Grant, Cat. Birds 

 Brit. Mus., xvii, 1892,458. — A[ganus] viridis Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., iv, 

 Feb., 1863, 196. — Trogon levcrianus Shaw, Mus. Lever., 1792, 175, with plate 

 (Cayenne; coll. Leverian Mus.). — T[rogon] albiventer Cuvifer, Rfegne Anim., i, 1829, 

 459 (based on Levaillant, Couroucous, pi. 5). — Trogon melanopterus Swainson, 



