110 GEO. D. HULST. 



Genitalia. — The genitalia are very interesting in structure, and 

 manifest some very decided differences. While showing decided 

 variations from the typical forms, they are constructed on, two very 

 distinct patterns. In the one the lower plate is present, in the other 

 it is entirely absent. In the one the uncus is a spine, broadly fur- 

 cate basally ; in the other it is a nearly senncircular jilate edged with 

 a chitiuous ridge, and this with one or more teeth. The one is of the 

 Epipaschiid pattern, and exists in all the species which, in a labial 

 palpi, maxillary palpi, and otherwise have seeming Epipaschiid 

 affinities. The other is found in the Crambid species, mostly tongue- 

 less and largely with long porrect labial palpi. 



In all cases there are wide modifications ; the uncus may be found 

 single, bifid, or even multifid, the neck long or wanting. The harppe 

 may be merely lengthened flanges, or may be bilobed, or may be- 

 come long slender spines ; they are generally short, sometimes very 

 long haired ; often unarmed, sometimes spined at tip or on one lobe, 

 and are with or without one or two spines at base. The lower plate 

 is generally spatulate, but may be conical, truncate conical, or 

 rounded. The anal orifice is also often armed with one or several 

 long stout spines, and in one genus, Eanjthmia, with a curious spiral 

 arrangement of spined laminpe. 



The genitalia of the 9 are comparatively simple, exactly as in 

 the Epipaschiidte. There is a more or less developed extensile ap- 

 paratus. The ovipositor may be extended considerably, and is armed 

 with divergent bristles at the end. 



Egg. — Very little is known of the eygs of the sjjecies. 80 far as 

 knoAvn they are oval, rather flattened spherical, grooved above, flat- 

 tened below. 



Larva. — The larval history of the larger portion of our distinctly 

 North American species is unknown. So far as known, though su- 

 perficially their habits are ver}' diflerent, yet there is in fact much 

 general similarity. Some inhabit flowers, others are borers ; some 

 gather leaves together, others live in dried fruits, or flour and meal, 

 but in nearly all cases I believe a silken case of varying pattern is 

 built in which the larva lives, lying concealed by day and feeding 

 by night. In many instances the larvi* are of great economic im- 

 portance, some species being very injurious to orchards and forests 

 both in Europe and America. 



The larvse have sixteen legs after the ordinary pattern. They are 

 ordinarily nearly unicolorous in various shades of green marked 



