BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 283 



ft; notes).— Goss, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, viii, 1883, 44-45 (Sangre de Cristo 

 Mts., Colorado; breeding habits); Auk, vi, 1889, 123 (Marshall Co., w. Kan- 

 sas, 1 spec, Aug. 13; Fort Kearney, Nebraska); Hist. Birds, Kansas, 1891, 

 38(5 (Marshall Co.). — Batchelder, Auk, 1, 1884, 17 (descr. young.) — 

 Agersborg, Auk, ii, 1885, 282 (s. e. Dakota, 2 specs., Oct., 1883). — American 

 OuNiTnoi.oGiSTs' Union, Check List, 1886, no. 491. — Townsend, Proc. U. S. 

 Nat. ]\Ius., X, 1887, 212 (Mount Shasta, etc., n. California; habits). — Nelson, 

 Nat. Hist. Coll. Alaska, 1887, 168 (Sitka).— Cooke, Bird Migr. Miss. Val., 

 1883, 159 (Vermilion Co., Dakota, 1 spec, Oct; Nebra.ska). — Mearns, Auk, 

 vii, 1890, 257 (San Francisco Mts., Arizona, breeding in pine and spruce 

 belts; Mogollon Mts., Oct.; habits).— Merriam, N. Am. Fauna, no. 3, 1890, 

 94 (San Francisco Mts., Arizona). — Anthony, Zoe, iv, 1893, 239 (San Pedro 

 Martir Mts., Lower California). — Kellogg, Auk, xi, 1894, 260 (Finney Co., 

 w. Kansas, 3 specs., Oct. 10). — Mitchell, Auk, xi, 1894, 327 (Crittenden 

 Co., Arkansas, Apr. 1, 1891).— Bryant (J. A.), Auk, xii, 1895, 82 (near 

 Kansas City, Missouri, 1 spec, Oct. 28, 1894). 



P[tcK'oc('Hs] rolumhianus Coves, Key N. Am. Birds, 2d ed., 1884, 418. — Ridgway, 

 Man. N. Am. Birds, 1887, 364. 



Coriiis megonijx Wagler, Syst Av., 1827, Corvus, sp. 20. 



Genus C Y ANOCEPH ALUS Bonaparte. 



(ri/mnor]iinu>t (not (ii/mnorhina (Jray, 1840) Maximilian, Reise Nord. Amer., ii, 



1841, 21. (Type, G. cyanocephalus 'MaxhmVian.) 

 Cjianocephalus Boa APAV.TE, Oss. Stat. Zool. Eur. Vert., 1842, 17. (Type, Gymno- 



rhinus cyanocephalus Maximilian.) (See Salvin, Ibis, 1873, 103.) 

 Gymnokitta Bonaparte, Consp. Av., i, 1850, 382. (Type, Gymnorhinus cyano- 



cephahii^ Maximilian. ) 

 Gymnocitta (emendation) Coues, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, v, 1880, 98. 



Small Corvine (wing less than 160 mm.) with wholly exposed and 

 slightly operciilate nostrils, flattened mesorhininm, and uniform bluish 

 gray or grayish blue plumage. 



Bill about as long as head, elongate subcuneate, nearly as broad as 

 deep, with nearly straight outlines, its depth at base less than one- 

 third the length of exposed eulmen, its basal width about the same; 

 culmen straight to near tip, which is slightly decurved, the tip 

 rather broad, the mesorhinium broad and flattened; gon^^s slightly 

 convex; commissure straight to near base, where slightly 'deflected to 

 the rictus. Nostril wholly exposed, longitudinal, more or less oval, 

 but nearly straight on upper edge, where a slightly develoi)ed opercu- 

 lum is more or less evident. Rictal bristles distinct but small. Wmg 

 long", its tip well produced (longer than exposed culmen) and rounded; 

 tenth primary shorter than secondaries, but more than half as long as 

 longest primary; eighth and seventh primaries longest, the sixth a 

 little shorter; inner webs of four or five outer primaries .slightly sinu- 

 ated. Tail more than two-thirds as long as wing, even or very slightly 

 rounded. Tarsus about etjual to exposed culmen or slightly longer; 

 middle toe, with claw, decidedly shorter than tarsus; outer loe, with 

 claw, reaching to or very slightly beyond base of middle claw, the 



