246 BULLETIN 50, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



iii, 1878, 164 (Wabash Co., Illinois, breeding).— Merriam, Bull. Nutt. Orn. 



Club, iii, 1878, 53 (Lewis Co., New York, breeding) .—Scott, Bull. Nutt. 



Orn. Club, iv, 1879, 82 (Princeton, New Jersey, Dec. 17). — Brewer, Bull. 



Nutt. Orn. Club, iv, 1879, 119 (Bangor, Maine, breeding).— Merrill (H.), 



Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, vi, 1881, 250 (Bangor, Maine, breeding). 

 Collyrio ludovicianus Trippe, Proc. Bost. Soc. N. H., xv, 1873, 235 (Iowa). — 



Tenney, Am. Nat., xxi, 1887, 90 (Williamstown, Massachusetts). 

 Lanius ludovicianus migrans Palmer (W. ), Auk, xv, July, 1898, 248 (Kingston, 



Ontario; coll. U, S. Nat. Mus.).— Howell, Auk, xviii, 1901, 343 (Mount 



Mansfield, Vermont, breeding). — Howe, Auk, xix, 1902, 92 (Cape Cod, 



Massachusetts, 1 spec, Sept. 19). 

 Lanius ludovicianus (migrans) Howe, Auk, xvi, 1899, 190 (Newport, Rhode 



Island, 1 spec, Aug. 29). 



LANIUS LUDOVICIANUS EXCUBITORIDES (Swainson). 

 WHITE-RTTMPED SHRIKE. 



Similar to Z. I. migrans^ but gray of upper parts decidedly paler « 

 (between slate-gray and no. 6 gray), changing abruptly to white on 

 upper tail-coverts; white of scapulars more extended (occupA'ing prac- 

 tically the whole of scapular region) and more abruptly contrasted with 

 gray of back; forehead and supraloral region paler gray than crown, 

 sometimes whiti'sh; under parts purer white; size averaging slightly 

 larger. (Young practically undistinguishable from that of L. I. 

 migrans.) 



Adtdt male.—ludngth (skins), 197-215 (207.6); wing, 97-103 

 (100.7); tail, 92-105 (99.4); exposed culmen, 15-16 (15.3); tarsus, 27- 

 29 (28.1); middle toe, 16.5-18 (17.1).^ 



Adult female.—LQngth (skins), 200-210 (204.5); wing, 93-103 (98.7); 

 tail, 92-102 (95.4); exposed culmen, 1^16 (14.8); tarsus, 27-29 (27.7); 

 middle toe, 16-17 (16.6).* 



Arid districts of western United States and British Provinces, from 

 eastern border of the Great Plains to western margin of the Great 

 Basin (eastern Washington to southeastern California); north to 

 Assiniboia (Long Lake), Saskatchewan (St. Louis), Manitoba (Car- 

 berry, etc.); breeding southward to Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, 

 southeastern California, and over northern Mexico at least as far as 

 State of Durango (Papasquiero; Ciudad Durango) — probably to 

 Sinaloa (vicinity of Mazatlan and Guanajuato; in winter,'^ southward 

 over whole of Mexico, as far as Isthmus of Tehuantepec.^ 



«The gray is darker in worn midsummer plumage. 



b Ten specimens. 



''Some of the specimens from Guanajuato are in worn plumage, as if taken during 

 the breeding season, but unfortunately no date is recorded on the labels. 



f? Winter specimens have been examined from the following localities in Mexico: 

 Oaxaca (Tehuantepec City; Cuicatlan); Colima (plains of CoUma) ; Vera Cruz (Mira- 

 dor); Mexico (Amecameca; Tlalpam); Territory of Tepic (Tepic); Sinaloa (Mazat- 

 lan); Jalisco (Mascota); San Luis Potosi (Jesus Maria); Tamaulipas (several 

 localities) . Breeding birds have been examined from Durango (Papasquiero; Ciudad 

 Durango), and Chihuahua (Casas Grandes). 



