BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 441 



c. Pilenni and hindncck brown, tho posterior median ])ortion with a large wfiite 

 spot; no white patch on middle rectricen. (^lore southern ]>ortion.s of east- 

 ern United States, in coast pine belt. ) Sitta pusilla (j). 451?) 



cc. rileum and hindneck olive, tlie latter without larjic whitish median spot 

 (except in worn midsummer i)luinage); miildic rectrices witii basal lialf or 

 more of inner wel) white. {Sitfa pygmna.) 

 (I. Smaller, with pileum and hindneck more deeply or decidedly olive, the 

 latter with whitish or huffy median .s])ot obsolete or indistinct; l)ack more 

 bluish gray; adult male averaging Aving 64. 9, tail 34.3, culmen 14.3, tarsus 

 14.9, middle toe 11.2. (Mountains of western Nortli America, from Brit- 

 ish Columbia to southern INIexico. ) Sitta pygmaea pygmaea (p. 400) 



(/'/. harger, with pileum and liindneck paler or less decidedly olive, the latter 

 with whitish or pale huffy median spot well developed; back less bluish 

 gray; adult male averaging wing 66.8, tail 36.7, culmen 16.3, tarsus 16, 

 middle toe 11.5. (San Diego County, California to San Pedro Martin 

 Mts., Lower California.) Sitta pygmaea leuconucha (p. 459) 



SITTA CAROLINENSIS CAROLINENSIS Latham. 

 WHITE-BREASTED KUTHATCH. 



Adult male. — Pileum, hindneck, and extreme upper back uniform 

 black with a bluish or liluish oreen g-loss; a slight indication of a black 

 postocular streak; back scapulars, lesser wing-coverts, rump, and 

 upper tail-coverts uniform ])luish gray (between slate-gray or gray 

 no. () and pluml)eous); middle, greater, and primary Aving-coverts and 

 aluhc, black margined with bluish gray (like color of back), the tips 

 of the greater coverts sometimes whitish, forming a narrow indistinct 

 band; tertials with inner webs l)lack (except next to shaft on second 

 and third), their outer wehs l)luish gray, that of the third with an 

 elongated basal patch of l)hick, rounded at the posterior extremity, 

 the terminal portion (for about ()-!> mm.) and edge, nearly or (}uite to 

 base, bluish gray; secondaries black, edged with l)luish gray; prima- 

 ries blackish slate or slate color, more narrowly edged with bluish 

 gray, these edgings becoming white or whitish on middle portion 

 of longer (piills and on terminal portion of outermost; two middle 

 rectrices plain bhiisii gray, sometimes slightly darker terniinally; 

 rest of rectrices black, crossed by a broad subtcrminal band of 

 white, this broader and farther from tip on exterior rectrix (where 

 invoh ing greater portion of outer web), reaching to ti}) on inner web 

 of third rectrix. very narrow, terminal, and more or less gi-ayish, 

 on fourth and fifth (sometimes obsolete on latter); lores, superciliar}' 

 region (broadly), rest of sides of head, sides of neck, and under parts 

 plain white or grayish white (faintly tinged with Ijiownish posteri- 

 orly, especially on Hanks, in winter); anal region, smaller anterior 

 and central under tail-coverts, and a large o\al s})ot on iinicr webs of 

 larger lateral and terminal under tiiil-coverts, light chestnut, the outer 

 webs and terminal portion of inner webs of the latter chielly, if not 

 entirely-, did 1 white or grayish wiiite; iindef wing-coverts black; under 



