BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 109 



setts, etc.); Synopsis, 1839, 165; Birds Am., oct. ed., iv, 1842, 165, pi. 245.— 

 Macgillivray, Man. Brit. Orn., i, 1840, 183.— Keyserlixg and Blasius, 

 Wirb. Eur., 1840, 167.— Yarrell, Hist. Brit. Birds, i, 1843, 356.— Midden- 

 DORFF, Sibir. Reis., 1851, 156.— Hoy, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad., 1853, 

 381 (Racine, Wisconsin). — Wolley, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1857, 55, pi. 

 122 (nest and eggs; Lapland).— Maximilian, Journ. fiir Orn., 1858, 189 

 (upper Missouri R.). — IIintz, Journ. fiir Orn., 1861, 229 (migrations). — 

 HoMEYER, Journ. fiir Orn., 1869, 124 (e. Siberia).— Fritsch, Vog. Eur., 

 1870, pi. 27, figs. 4, 5.— Taczanowski, Journ. fiir Orn., 1872, 442 (Siberia); 

 Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1888, 459 (Corea, Feb.). 



Bombycilla garndus Kaup, Thierr., ii, pt. i, 1836, 173. — Nordmann, Journ. fi'ir 

 Orn., 1858, 307 (Lapland; breeding habits) . 



B[ombycilla] garrula Cabanis, Mus. Hein., i, 1850, 55 (Germany). 



Parus bombycilla Pallas, Zoogr. Rosso-Asiat. , i, 1826, 548 (based on Lauius 

 garrulus Linnaeus). 



Boinhyciphora poliocoelia Meyer, Vog. Liv.-u. Esthl., 1815,104 (Eurojje) ; Ann. 

 Wetter. Gesellsch; iv, heft i, 1819, 90, in text. 



Bombycilla bohemica Leach, Syst. Cat. Mam., etc., Brit. Mus., 1816, 18 (nomen 

 nudtini; ex Garrulus bohemicus Gesner, De Avi])UH, ed. 1617, 636, etc.). — 

 Forster, Synopt. Cat. Brit. Birds, 1817, 6.— Stephens, Shaw's Gen. Zool., 

 X, 1817, 421, pi. .34.— Brehm, Vog. DeutscIiL, 1831, 219. 



Bombycilla bracliyrhynchus Brehm, Naumannia, 1855, 275. 



Bombycilla cserulea (typographical error) Dubois, Rev. et. Mag. de. Zool., xii, 

 1860, pi. 2. 



Ampelis lientericus Meyer, Ann. Wetter. Gesellsch. fiir Naturk., i, heft i, 1809, 

 270 (proposed for A. garrulus). 



AMPELIS CEDRORUM (Vieillot). 

 CEDAR WAXWING. 



Afliilfs (sexes alike). — (a) Perfect plumcuje: Frontal aiitia' (con- 

 lUHtrd narrowly across base of forehead), lores, and wedge-shaped 

 postocular })atch ((connected with loral area above eye) velvety black; 

 chin (lull Itlack; rest of head, together with neck and chest, soft })ink- 

 ish wood brown or brownish fawn color, darker on throat, where 

 shading into the }>lack or dusky of chin, slightly duller or graver on 

 hindneck; anterior portion of malar region and a narrow line (some- 

 times obsolete) separating the brown of forehead from the ])la('k of 

 lores and frontal antij^ white; back and scapulars similai- in color to 

 hindneck but slightly grayer (varying from broccoli brown to nearly 

 hair brown), the wing-coverts still grayer; secondaries, primary 

 coverts, and alula slate-gray, the first with terminal appendages (llat- 

 tened and expanded prolongations of the shaft) of scarlet, resembling- 

 red sealing wax; primaries darker (slate color), edged with paler 

 gray; rump, upper tail-covei'ts and liasal })orti<)n of tail i)aler gray than 

 secondaries, deepening toward end of tail into blackish slate or slatt^- 

 black, the tail tipped with a sharply defined band of lemon or chrome 

 3'ellow; vinaceous-brown color of chest passing postiM-iorly into a 

 slightly paler and duller hue on breast and anti>rior portion of 

 sides, and this into light yellowish olive or dull olive-yellowish on 

 flanks and posterior portion of sides; the abdomen similar but ]):iler 



