162 BULLETIN 50, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



than half the distance from nostril to tip of maxilla, the latter meas- 

 urement decidedly less than length of gonys; if the tenth primar^^ is 

 obvious the ninth longer than the sixth; wing with two conspicuous 

 white bands, and tertials broadly edged with white. 



Bill stout, with culmen strongh^ curved and tip of maxilla distinctly 

 uncinate; exposed culmen decidedly more than half as long as tarsus; 

 depth of bill at frontal antipe about equal to its width at same point, 

 and very much more than half (about two-thirds) the distance from 

 nostril to tip of maxilla; maxillary tomium faintl}^ concave, distinctly 

 notched subterminally; mandibular tomium faintly convex, with a 

 distinct but minute sabterminal notch, the tip of the mandilile forming 

 a minute ascending point; gonys nearly or quite equal to distance from 

 nostril to tip of maxilla. Nostril roundish or broadl}' ovate, in lower 

 anterior portion of nasal fossee, posteriorly in contact with bristly 

 antrorse feathers of frontal antife, the long bristly points of which 

 extend beyond it. Rictal bristles few, inconspicuous {apparently only 

 two in number). Wing long and pointed; tenth primary rudimentary 

 and entirely concealed or else verj" small, narrow and pointed, extend- 

 ing but little if any beyond primary coverts and onl}- about one- 

 fourth as long as ninth primary; ninth primary longer than fifth 

 (sometimes nearly equal to seventh), the ninth, eighth and seventh, or 

 eighth, seventh, and sixth primaries longest; wing-tip longer than 

 tarsus. Tail a little more than two-thirds as long as wang, even, the 

 retrices narrow. Tarsus much longer than middle toe with claw (one- 

 fourth as long as wing or longer), distinctly scutellate anteriorlj^; outer 

 toe conspicuously longer than inner, the latter (without claw) shorter 

 than hallux (without claw), its claw not reaching to base of middle 

 claw. 



Coloration.- — Above yellowish olive-green, becoming gray on rump 

 and upper tail-coverts; or olive-green with gray pileum and hindneck, or 

 entirely gray or olive; beneath yellow anteriorly and white posteriorly, 

 or white with light olive-green sides and flanks; wings with two con- 

 spicuous white bands, and tertials broadly edged with white. 



Range. — Temperate North America and southward to highlands of 

 Guatemala (to Colombia in winter). (Three species.) 



KEY TO THE SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF LANIVIEEO. 



a. No spurious primary (tenth primary entirely concealed). 



h. Pileum, hindneck, and back olive-green; throat and chest bright yellow. 

 (Eastern North America; south in winter to Cuba and Colombia.) 



Lanivireo flavifrons, adults (p. 163) 

 t)b. Pileum, hindneck, and back brownish gray; throat and chest pale yellow. 



Lanivireo flavifrons, young (p. 164) 

 aa. A more or less distinct spurious primary. 



h. Sides and flanks striped with olive, olive-green, or olive-gray, and light yellowish. 

 (Adults.) 



