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BULLETIN 50, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



margined with biiffy or cinnamon, primary coverts and primaries 

 edged and terminally margined with pale buffy grayish or dull whitish, 

 under parts pinkish buff, deepening on chest, sides of breast, and 

 lower throat into cinnamon-buff or buffy cinnamon, and bill dusky 

 horn color. 



Young. — "Young in first plumage resemble the female, but have 

 obscure transverse terminal dark bars and pale centers to most of the 

 feathers of the upper and under parts."" 



Adult male.— Length, (skins), 132-161 (147); wing, 93-101 (96.1); 

 tail, 50-59 (55.2); exposed culmen, 12-15 (13.9); tarsus, 24.5-29 

 (27.2); middle toe, 13.5-15.5 (14.6).'' 



Adult female.— Length, (skins) , 146-152 (148) ; wing, 90-94 (92.6); 

 tail, 49.5-56.5 (.52.1) ; exposed culmen, 12.5-14 (13.3); tarsus, 25.5-27 

 (26.2); middle toe, 1.3-14.5 (14).^ 



Breeding in northern Europe and Asia, from the British Islands, the 

 Scandinavian peninsula, parts of central Europe and liigh mountains 

 of southern Europe to northern Alaska ; migrating southward in win- 

 ter to India and eastern Africa. 



[Motacilla] cenanthe Linn^us, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, i, 1758, 186 (Europe); 12tli ed., 

 i, 1766, 332.— Gmelin, Syst. Nat., i, 1788, 966. 



Motacilla cenanthe Bechstein, Naturg. Deutsclil., iv, 1795, 640. 



[Sylvia] cenanthe Latham, Index Orn., ii, 1790, 529. 



Sylvia cenanthe Temminck, Man. d'Orn., 1815, 135. 



Saxicola cenanthe Bechstein, Orn. Taschenb., i, 1802, 217. — Gould, Birds Eiir., 

 ii, 1837, pi. 90; Birds Gt. Brit., ii, 1862, pi. 65. — Keyserling and Blasius, 

 Wirb. Eur., 1840, pp. lix, 192.— Degland, Orn. Eur., i, 1849, 482; 2d ed., i, 

 1867, 450. — MiDDENDORFF, Reis. gibir., Zool., ii, pt. 2, 1853, 174. — Sunde- 

 vall, Svensk. Fogl., 1856, 54.— Hartlaub, Orn. W.-Afr., 1857, 64 (Senegal).— 

 LiNDERMAYER, Vog. Grieclieul., 1860, 110. — Newton, ed. Blasius' List Birds 

 Eur., 1862, 10, part; ed. Yarrell's Hist. Brit. Birds, i, 1873, 347, part.— Radde, 

 Reis. Sibir., Vog., 1863, 244.— Coues, Check List, 1873, no. 15, part; 2d ed., 

 1882, no. 26, part.— Heuglin, Orn. N. Ost.-Afr., I 1869, 347.— Dall and Ban- 

 nister, Trans. Chicago Ac. Sci., i, 1869, 276 (St. Michael, Alaska). — Fritsch, 



a Seebohm, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., v, 1881, 393. 

 ^ Sixteen specimens, 

 c Seven specimens. 



Alaskan specimens are slightly larger than those from Europe, their respective 

 averages being as follows: 



