BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 97 



coverts similar with mesial streaks of white ; length (skins) , 220-248 

 (229); wmg, 121.5-134.5 (128); tail, 88-105.5 (95.9); exposed cul- 

 men, 19-21 (20.4); tarsus, 30.5-33.5 (31.9); middle toe, 21-23.5 

 (22)." 



Highlands of Guatemala (Godines; Duenas; Calderas; Volcan de 

 Fuego; Volcan de Santa Maria; Quezaltenango; Jacaltenango; Cor- 

 dillera above Totonicapam; Chilasco; Tactic; Hacienda Chancol) 

 and Chiapas (San Cristobal; Comitan; Pinabete). 



Turdus (Merula) rufitorques Hartlaub, Rev. Zool., 1844, 214 (Guatemala). 



T[urdus] rufitorques Gray, Gen. Birds, i, 1847, 219. 



Turdus rufitorques Du Bus, Esquiss. Orn., 1848, pis. 19, 20 (Godines, Guatemala). — 

 Bonaparte, Consp. Av., i, 1850, 275. — Sclater and Salvin, Ibis, 1859, 6 

 (evergreen oak forests of centr. Guatemala, 7,000 ft. alt.). — Salvin and 

 Sclater, Ibis, 1860, 29 (Duenas, Guatemala). — Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 

 Lond., 1859, 334 (monogr.). — Baird, Review Am. Birds, 1864, 32 (Duenas). — 

 Salvin and Godman, Biol. Oentr.-Am., Aves, i, 1879, 22 (Calderas, Volcan 

 de Fuego, Quezaltenango, Cordillera above Totonicapam, Chilasco, Tactic, 

 etc., Guatemala). 



[Turdus] rufitorques Gray, Hand-list, i, 1869, 258, no. 3766. ^Sclater and Salvin, 

 Nom. Av. Neotr., 1873, 2.— Sharfe, Hand-list, iv, 1903, 140. 



Merula rufitorques Seebohm, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., v, 1881, 255. 



PLANESTICUS MIGRATORIUS MIGRATORIUS (Linnaeus). 

 AMERICAN ROBIN. 



Adult male in spring and summer. — Head black, relieved by a 

 small wliite spot or streak over posterior margin of lores, a larger 

 white mark on posterior half of upper eyelid, and a large white mark 

 or blunt crescent on lower eyelid; chin white; throat streaked with 

 white and black, in variable relative proportion; feathers of neck 

 black centrally, margined with brownish slate-gray or mouse gray; 

 back, scapulars, lesser wing-coverts, rump, and upper tail-coverts 

 plain deep mouse gray or bro^\Tiish slate-gray, the interscapulars often 

 with a central spot of blackish, or black margined with grayish ; larger 

 wing-coverts and tertials darker, becoming paler mouse gray on edges ; 

 alula, primary coverts, and remiges (except tertials) dark brownish 

 slate, or dusky, edged with pale gra}^ (nearly white on longer prima- 

 ries) ; tail dull slate-black or sooty black, with narrow grayish edg- 

 ings, the inner webs of lateral rectrices tipped with white, broadest on 

 outermost rectrix, on which forming a large and conspicuous spot; 

 chest, breast, upper abdomen, sides, flanks, axillars, and under wing- 

 coverts plain deep cinnamon-rufous;^ lower abdomen, anal region, 

 and under tail-coverts, white, the latter with concealed portion 

 mainly gray; bill yellow, with terminal portion of culmen dusky; 

 iris deep brown; legs and feet dark horn color or blackish brown. 



" Six specimens. 



b In earlier spring specimens the feathers retain more or less of the white terminal 

 margins of the winter plumage. 



11422— VOL 4—07—7 



