BIRDS OF NOETH AND MIDDLE AMERICA, 345 



hh. Bill relatively larger or longer, the (exposed culmen equal to or 

 longer than outer toe with claw, or else distinctly depressed and 

 with rictal bristles conspicuously developed. 

 i. Bill narrower, its width at anterior end of nostrils equal to not 

 more than half the distance from nostril to tip of maxilla and but 

 little greater than its depth at same point; wing less than 80 

 mm. 

 j. Rictal bristles very weak or obsolete; nostril roundish, nonoper- 

 culate; tail shorter than distance from bend of wing to end of 

 distal secondaries. 

 /•. Ninth primary normal (longer than tenth and not attenuated) ; 

 tail much more than three-fourths as long a.'^ wing; under 



parts not streaked Pipromorpha (p. 452) 



kk. Ninth primarj^ abnormally reduced (not longer, sometimes 

 shorter, than tenth, much attenuated, with tip sul:)falcate 

 or spatulate) ; tail little if any mo^e, sometimes less, than 

 three-fourths as long as wing; under parts streaked. 



Mionectes (j). 459) 



jj. Rictal bristles distinct; nostril narrow, longitudinal, opercu- 



late; tail equal to or longer than distance from bend of wing to 



end of distal secondaries Leptopogon (p. 402) 



u Bill broader, its width at anterior ^nd of nostrils ec|ual to de- 

 cidedly more than half the distance from nostril to tip of maxilla 

 and much greater than its depth at same point, or else ( Tolmar- 

 chus) wing 80 mm. or more. 

 j. Tail as long as or longer than wing, strongly rounded. 



Capsiempis (p. 468) 

 jj. Tail shorter than wing, slightly rounded, even, or emarginate. 

 k. Sexes very different in color, the adult males with under 

 parts and crested pileum scarlet or orange, adult females 

 tinged with red or orange and more or less streaked below, 

 young streaked below and squamated with whitish above; 

 or else both sexes entirely deep grayish brown (usually 



more or less tinged with reddish). Pyrocephalus (p. 471) 



kk. Sexes alike in color, without red or orange, except some- 

 times a concealed spot on center of crown. 

 I. Basal phalanx of middle toe wholly united to outer toe. 

 m. Second phalanx of outer toe entirely free from outer toe; 

 larger (wing more than 60 mm.); under parts not 

 ochraceous-buff. 

 n. Tarsus twice as long as middle toe without claw; 

 length of exposed culmen equal to that of middle too 

 with claw and equal to twice width of bill at frontal 



antise Nesotriccus (p. 481) 



nn. Tarsus less than twice as IcMig as middle toe without 

 claw; length of exposed culmen less than that of 

 middle toe with claw and less than twice width of 

 bill at frontal antia?. 

 o. Outer toe nearly as long as middle toe; outermost 

 (tenth) primary equal to or longer than third; 

 larger (wing 70 mm. or more).-Cnipodectes (p. 483) 

 00. Outer toe decidedly shorter than middle toe; outer- 

 most (tenth) primary shorter than third; smaller 

 (wing less than 70 mm.) 



