BIRDS OF ISrORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 511 



small lichens, iisiiall}' saddled on a horizontal })ou(;h. E<2;^s cream- 

 colored, spotted around larger end with lilac, dark reddish brown, 

 black, etc. 



Range. — Whole of temperate and tropical America, except West 

 Indies and other insular lands. (About seventeen species.) 



KEY TO THE SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF MYIOCHANES.^ 



a. Tenth (outermost) primary much longer than sixth (nearly, sometimes quite, equal 

 to seventh), the seventh decidedly shorter than eighth; longest primaries exceed- 

 ing distal secondaries by more than length of tarsus and middle toe together. 

 {Horizopiis.) 

 b. Upper parts more decidedly (more greenish) olive; under parts more extensively 

 whitish, with grayish olive pectoral area usually contracted, sometimes inter- 

 rupted, medially; mandible more decidedly whitish; tail relatively longer. 

 (Eastern North America, breeding from Gulf States to more southern British 

 Provinces, west to middle of Great Plains, occasionally to base of Rocky Moun- 

 tains; in winter south to Cuba and through eastern Mexico and Central 



America to northern Peru.) Myiochanes virens (\i. 518) 



66. Upper parts grayer; under i^arts less extensively whitish, the grayish pectoral 

 area broader, never interrupted medially; mandible darker, rarely distinctly 

 whitish; tail relatively shorter. {Myiochanes richardsonii.) 

 c. Larger (wing 78.5-93.5, averaging more than 80). 



d. Wing and tail longer, bill smaller (adult male averaging wing 87.4, tail 66, 



. exposed culmen 12.9, adult female, 82.8, 62, 12.7); coloration averaging 



darker, with grayish pectoral area broader. (Western North America, 



except Cape district of Lower California, breeding from northern Mexico 



to Yukon Valley, Alaska; in winter south to Peru and I'olivia.) 



Myiochanes richardsonii richardsonii (p. 521) 



dd. ^^'ing and tail shorter, 1)111 larger (adult male averaging wing 82.8, tail 58.6, 



exposed culmen 14.7; adult female, 80.9, 57.4, 14.1); coloration averaging 



paler, with grayish pectoral area narrower. (Cape district of Lower 



California.) Myiochanes richardsonii peninsulae (p. 525) 



cc. Smaller (wing 75-81.5, averaging 79.3 in male, 79.8 in female). (Resident in 

 mountains of southern Mexico and Guyteniala, migrating southward to 



Panama.) Myiochanes richardsonii sordidulus (p. 525) 



aa. Tenth (outermost) primary shorter than sixth (sometimes not longer than fifth), 



the seventh very little shorter than eighth; longest jDrimaries exceeding distal 



secondaries by less than combined length of tarsus and middle toe (with claw). 



{Myiochanes.) 



b. Under parts extensively whitish or very j^ale yellowish, only the sides and sides 



of chest grayish or grayish olive. 



c. Above deep olive (nearly as in M. virens); wing-bands nai-rower, irale grayish 



or olive; abdomen pale yellowish. (Southern ]\I(\\ico ti> Panama; also 



greater part of South America?) Myiochanes brachytarsus (p. 526) 



a The following, originally described as coming from Mexico, is unknown to me: 

 C[ontopus] plebeius Cabanis and Heine, Mus. H(>in., ii, Sept., 1859, 71 (Mexico; 

 coll. Heine Mus.). — Contopus plebejus Cabanis, Journ. fur Orn., ix, 1861, 248 (Costa 

 Rica); Taczanowski, Orn. du Perou, ii, 1884, 319; Berlepsch and Stolzmann, Proc. 

 Zool. Soc. Lond., 1902, 59 (Monterico, Peru). — [Contopns] plebejus Heine and Reich- 

 enow, Nom. Mus. Hein. Orn.. 1890, 146 (Mexico). — [Pyrocephalas} plebeius Gray, 

 Hand-list, i, 1869, 362, no. 5512. 



