688 BULLETIN 50, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



c. rrown-patch reddish orange or orange-red and nut encircled by dusky; outer 

 wel) of lateral rectrix not black; no distinct blackish auricular patch; throat 

 not pure white. 

 d. Tenth (outermost) primary shorter than fifth; chest and foreneck deep gray, 

 the pileum, etc., slate-gray; outer web of lateral rectrix merely edged with 

 white. (Southwestern United States and northern Mexico, south to Guate- 

 mala in winter.) Tyrannus vociferans (p. 694) 



dd. Tenth (outermost) primary longer than fifth; chest and foreneck pale gray, 



the pileum, etc., light gray; outer web of lateral rectrix entirely white, 



except part of terminal portion. (Western United States and British 



Columbia; south to Guatemala in winter.). . . .Tyrannus verticalis (p. 697) 



cc. Crown-patch lemon or canary yellow, encircled by dusky; outer web of lateral 



rectrix black; whole throat piu-e white. (Western Ecuador.) 



Tyrannus niveigularis (extralimital)o 



an. Tail emarginate or forked; exposed culmen longer than tarsus, the latter nearly to 



.^lightly more than one-sixth as long as wing. 



b. Tail six-sevenths to seven-eighths as long as wing, more deeply emarginate, or 



forked; abdomen deep yellow. (Laphyctes.) 



c. Tail deeply emarginate, sometimes almost forked, nearly to quite seven-eighths 



as long as wing; chest and foreneck olive-yellow. (Interior of Brazil to Lower 



Amazon.) Tyrannus albogularis (extralimital )6 



cc. Tail shallowly or moderately emai-ginate, less than six-sevenths as long as wing; 

 chest yellowish olive or olive-greenish, foreneck gray. 

 d. Pileum blackish; abdomen light yellow; smaller (wing not more than 107 



mm.). (Brazil?) Tyrannus apolites (extralimital) c 



dd. Pileum gray; abdomen deep yellow; larger (wing usually mucli more than 

 107 mm.). {Tyrannus melancholicus.) 

 e. Darker, the pileum slate-gray, back deep greenish olive, throat deeper gray, 

 beccnning whitish only on chin. (Paraguay, Argentina, and southern 

 Brazil to Peru and western Ecuador. ) 



Tyrannus melancholicus melancholicus (extralimital) d 



(I Tyrannus nireigularis Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1860, 281 (Babahoyo, w. 

 Ecuador; coll. P. L. Sclater); 1880, 29, pi. 3 (crit.); Cat. Birds Brit. MuR.,xiv, 1888, 

 270; Ridgway, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., i, 1879, 479 (monogr.). 



b Tyrannus albogularis Burmeister, Syst. Ueb. Th. Bras., ii, 1856, 465 (northern 

 forest district of Brazil); Sclater, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., xiv, 1888, 276; Chapman, 

 Auk, vii, 1890, 271 (Santarem, lower Amazon; crit.). — Tyrannus albigularis Finsch, 

 Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1870, 572, in text (crit.); Ridgway, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., i, 

 1879, 477 (monogr.). — Tyrannus niveigularis (not of Sclater) Allen, Bull. Essex Inst., 

 viii, 1876, 79 (Santarem, lower Amazon). 



c L[aj)hyctes'\ apolites Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., ii, Oct., 1859, 77 (locality 

 unknown; coll. Heine Mus.). — [Tyrannus'] apolites Gray, Hand-list, 1, 1869, 364, no. 

 5553. — Tyrannus apolites Ridgway, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., i, 1879, 478 (monogr.); 

 Sclater, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., xiv, 1888, 276 (s. e. Brazil?). 



d Tyrannus melancholicus Vieillot, Nouv. Diet. d'Hist. Nat., xxxv, 1819, 48 (Para- 

 guay; based on Suiriri guazu Azara, Apunt. Parag., ii, 152); "Sclater, Cat. Birds Brit. 

 Mus., xiv, 1888, 273, part. — [Tyrannus melancholicus] var. mehncholicusV>2ihA, Brewer, 

 and Ridgway, Hist. N. Am. Birds, ii, 1874, 315. — [Tyrannus melancholicus] a. melan- 

 cholicus Ridgway, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., i, 1879, 473 (crit.; synonymy). — L[aphyctes] 

 melancholicus Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., ii. 1856, 76 (excl. syn. albogularis Bur- 

 meister). — M[uscicapa] despotes Lichtenstein, Verz. Doubl., 1823, 55 (Bahia, Brazil). — 

 Muscicapafurcata Spix, Av. Bras., ii, 1825, 15, pi. 19. — Tyraniius furcatus Maximilian, 

 Beitr. Naturg. Bras., iii, pt. ii, 1831, 884. — (?) Tyrannus crudelis Swainson, Quart. 

 Journ. Sci., xx, 1826, 275 (Brazil), 



