BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 691 



orange-red; paler edgings, tips, etc., pale brown or pale brownish biiffy, 

 instead of white or grayish white; tip of tail partly pale bufly brown. 

 Temperate North America, except parts of the arid region (where 

 distributed locally and irregularly) ,« north to Maine, New Brunswick, 

 Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, Magdalene Islands, Quebec, 

 (Point de Monts), southern end of Hudson Bay (Moose Factory), 

 northern Ontario (Parry Sound; Muskoka), Saskatchewan (Grand 

 Rapids; Chemawawin), Athabasca, Mackenzie (Fort Simpson), 

 northern Montana, and Idaho (Fort Sherman) and southern British 

 Columbia (Vancouver Island, etc.); breeding southward to southern 

 Florida and to the Gulf coast from Florida to Texas; in winter migrat- 

 ing southward to Cuba, Haiti, Porto Rico, Swan Island, Old Provi- 

 dence Island, and tlu-ough eastern Mexico, nearly the whole of Central 

 America, and the greater part of South America (Colombia, Ecuador, 

 Peru, and Amazon Valley) as far as southern Bolivia (Caiza). Vera 

 Cruz: Playa Vicente. Oaxaca: Tapana; Ventosa. Yucatan: Tizimin; 

 Buctzotz; Cozumel Island. British Honduras: Saddle Cay; Half 

 Moon Cay. Guatemala: Yzabal; Retalhuleu. Honduras: Omoa; 

 San Pedro; Truxillo; Ruatan Island. Nicaragua: Greytown; Rio 

 Escondido. Panama: Lion Hill, Paraiso, and Frijole stations, 

 Panama Railway; San Miguel and Saboga islands, Bay of Panama. 

 (Accidental in southwestern Greenland.) 



[Lanius] tyrannus Linn.eus, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, i, 1758, 94 (based on Musckapa 

 corona rubra Catesby, Carolina, i, 55, pi, 55; Tyrannus Brisson, Orn., ii, 391); 

 ed. 12, i, 17G6, 136.— Latham, Index Orn., i, 1790, 81. 



Musdcapa tyrannus Wilson, Am. Orn., i, 1808, 66, pi. 13, fig. 1.— Bonaparte, 

 Synopsis Birds U. S., 1828, 66.— Nuttall, Man. Orn. U. S. and Can., i, 1832, 

 265.— Audubon, Orn. Biog., i, 1831, 453; v, 1839, 420, pi. 79; Synopsis, 1839, 

 40; Birds Am., oct. ed., i, 1840, 204, pi. 56. 



T[yrannus] ttjrannus (not Tyrannus tyrannus D'Orbigny, 1839) Jordan, Man. 

 ^ Vertebr. E. N. Am., 4th ed., 1884, 96.— Ridgway, Man. N. Am. Birds, 1887, 

 328.— CouES, Key N. Am. Birds, 5th ed., i, 1903, 513. 



Tyrannus tyrannus American Ornithologists' Union, Check List, 1886, no. 

 444. —Cory, Auk, iii, 1886, 245; iv, 1887,^180 (Old Providence I., Caribbean 

 Sea); Birds West Ind., 1889, 132 (Cuba; Santo Domingo; Porto Rico); Cat. 

 West Ind. Birds, 1892, 108 (do.).— Cooke, Bird Migr. Miss. Val., 1888, 142- 

 147.— Ridgway, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., x, 1888, 576 (Swan I., Caribbean Sea, 

 Mar.); Orn. Illinois, i, 1889, 343.— Chapman, Auk, v, 1888, 272 (Gainesville, 

 Florida, breeding).— Scott, Auk, vi, 1889, 318 (Tarpon Springs, Florida, 

 breeding); ix, 1892, 213 (Caloosahatchie R., Florida, breeding).— Brittain 

 and Cox, Auk, vi, 1889, 117 (Restigouche Valley, New Brunswick, rare).— 

 Bishop, Auk, vi, 1889, 147 (Magdalen Islands).— Mortimer, Auk, vii, 1890, 

 340 (Orange Co., Florida; habits).— Merriam, North Am. Fauna, no. 5, 

 1891, 98 (Snake R., Cedar Creek, Birch Creek, etc., Idaho, breeding).— 



aAccording to Major Bendire (Life Hist. N. Am. Birds, ii, 1895, 236) " it has not yet 

 been observed in northwestern Texas, New Mexico, or Arizona; and in California it 

 can only be considered as a straggler." 



