BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 727 



fir. Larger (wing more than 70 mm., tail more than 60 mm.); adult male 

 with pileum (including frontal crest), hind neck, and back blood red, 



the rest of plumage entirely black Antilophia (extralimital) a 



gg. Smaller (wing not more than 60 mm., tail about 40 mm.); adult male 

 with pileum (including frontal crest) yellow, the feathers of ccipital 

 portion with expanded horny tips orange or brown; throat and 



under side of wings yellow Masius (extralimital) b 



ff. Frontal feathers neither elongated nor antrorse, not forming a tuft; sexes 

 alike in color (plain brown or olive, or cinnamomeous). 

 g. Smaller (wing less than 55 mm.); color, cinnamon-rufous, the pileum 

 grayish with a concealed central spot of orange-rufous or yellowish. 



Neopipo (extralimital) c 

 gg. Larger (wing more than 75 mm.); color olive, olive-brown, or olive- 

 greenish (paler below), without gray or concealed spot on pileum. 



Scotothorus (p. 756) 



(Id. Ba.sal phalanx of inner toe only half adherent to middle toe; tail nearly as 



long as wing to end of secondaries (somestimes longer); no frontal crest. 



Neopelma (extralimital)'^ 

 cc. Larger (wing more than 100 mm.) ; plumage more or less spotted. 



Laniocera (p. 763) 

 aa. Second phalanx of outer toe entirely free from middle toe Piprites fp. 767) 



Genus MANACUS Brisson. 



Manacus Brisson, Orn., iv, 1760, 442. (Type, Pipra manacus Linnfeus.) (See 



Allen, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., ii, 1889, 73.) 

 Chiromachseris Cabanis, Wiegmann's Archiv. fiir Naturg., xiii, pt. i, 1847, 235. 



(T^'pe, Piprn vianacns Linnseus.) 



Small Pipridffi (wing about 45-55 mm.) with the wing less than two 

 and a half times as long as tarsus, the adult males with outermost 

 primaries very narrow, bowed, and rigid, and feathers of throat elon- 

 gated. 



Bill less than half as long as head, rather broad and depressed 

 basally, its depth at nostrils less than its width at same point ; culmen 

 plainly ridged, gradually curved from the base, the tip of maxilla dis- 

 tinctly but not abruptly uncinate ; gonys about as long as mandibular 



a Metopia (not of Meigen, 1803) Swainson, Fauna Bor.-Am., ii, 1831, 491. (Type, 

 Pipra galeata Lichtenstein.). — Aniilophia Reichenbach, Av. Syst. Nat., 1850, pi. 63. 

 (Same type.) Southern Brazil and Bolivia; monotypic. 



b Masius Bonaparte, Consp. Av., i, 1850, 175. (Tj'pe, Pipra chrysoptcra Lafresnaye.) 

 Anticorys Cal)anis and Heine, Mus. Hein., ii, Oct., 1859, 90 (substitute for Masius on 

 grounds of purism). Colombia and Ecuador; two species. 



c Neopipo Sclater and Salvin, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1869, 438. (Type, Pipra cin- 

 namomea Lawrence.) 



d Neopelma Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1860, 467. (Type, Muscicapa aitrifrons 

 Maximilian.) To this genus should be referred three species usually placed in 

 " Hcteropehna" (i. e.,Scotothor}is), namely, HcteropehnaJlaricapUhimSc\i\tQr[Neopehna 

 flavicapilhim), H. chrysocephahnn Pelzeln {Neopelma chrysocephahnn), and H. igniceps 

 Sclater (Neopelma igniceps). The group, as thus enlarged, consists of fuur species, all 

 South American (^Guiana to southeastern Brazil). 



