BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 819 



eighth primaries longest, th(^ sixth and ninth successively shorter, the 

 tenth intermediate between third and fourth. Tail nearly as long as 

 wiAg, even or slightly rounded, the rectriees rather broad, with 

 rounded tip. Tarsus about as long as commissure, its scutellation 

 ])eculiar, the single row of large quadrate scutella on outer side of the 

 plant a tarsi lapping round the rather sharp posterior margin to the 

 inner side, where almost (sometimes (juite) toucliing the scutella of 

 the acrotarsium; the upper portion of tlie tarsus widening toward the 

 heel joint and conspicuously serrate; middle toe, with claw, much 

 shorter than tarsus, its basal phalanx adiierent for most of its length 

 to outer toe, mostly free from inner toe; outer toe (without claw) 

 reaching nearly to base of terminal i)halanx of middle toe, the inner 

 decidedly shorter; hallux nearly as long as inner toe, not conspicu- 

 ously stouter, its basal pad (tylarus) not noticeably expanded nor 

 flattened. 



Plumage and coloration. — Contour feathers broad and blended, 

 those of the pileum slightly elongated and more distinctly outlined. 

 Color (both sexes) plain gray or cinnamon-rufous (paler below), 

 exactly as in some species of the genus Lathria. 



Nidijication. — (Unknown ?) 



Range. — Southern Mexico to Brazil and Ecuador. (Three species.) 



KEY TO THE SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF LIPAUGUS. 



a. General color gray. (Colombia to Guiana and southeastern Brazil.) 



Lipaugus simplex (extraliuiital)'^ 

 a. General color dull cinnamon-rufous or russet. {Lipaugus holcrythrus.) 



h. Paler, the general color russet above, cinnamon-russet below. (Southern Mexico 



to northern Colombia) Lipaugus holerythrus holerythrus (p. 820) 



hh. Darker, the general color approaching cinnamon-chestnut. (Southwestern 

 Colombia and northwestern Ecuador.) 



Lipaugus holerythrus rosenbergi (extralimital)b 



a M[iiscicapd\ simplex Lichtenstein, Verz. Doubl., 1823, 53 (Bahia, s. e. Brazil; coll. 

 Berlin lius.J.—Liipangus] simplex Hartlaub, Rev. Zool., l&4(\, S.— Lipaugus sim 

 pZf.r Sclater, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., xiv, 1888, 35G.—Tyrannns calcaratus Swainson, 

 Quart. Jour. Sci., xx, no. Ix, Jan. 1826, 271 (Bahia, Brazil).— J/»scncapa nnerasccm 

 Spix Av. Bras., ii, 1825, 16, pi. 21 (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil).— If uscicapo r«s/ira Maxi- 

 mihan, Beitr. Naturg. Bras., iii, pt. ii, 1831, 866 (s. e. Brazil; type now in coll. Am. 

 Mus. N. 'E.).—Myiarchus riisticus Burmeister, Syst. Ueb. Th. Bras., ii, 1856, 470. 



I am not acquainted with Lipaugus imviundus Sclater and Salvin (Norn. Av. Neotr., 

 1873, 159; Oyapock, Cayenne; coll. P. L. Sclater; Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., xiv, 1888, 

 357), which is said to differ in more yellowish abdomen, darker general coloration, 

 and narrower bill. Berlepsch and Hartert, in discussing the birds of this species 

 from Venezuela (Novit. Zool., ix, 1902, 57), refer them provisionally, together with 

 specimens from Bogota, Colombia, and British Guiana, to L. ivimundus, under the 

 name Lipaugus simplex immundus (?), restricting L. simplex to southeastern Brazil. 



bLipayigus holerythrus (not of Sclater and Salvin) Hartert, Novit. Zool., v, 1898, 

 489 (Cachavi, n. w. Ecuador).— Lipan(/i(s holerythrus rosenbergi Hartert, Bull. Brit. 

 Orn. Club, xvi, no. cxviii, Nov. 1, 1905, 12 (Rio Dagua, s. w. Colombia; coll. Tring 

 Mus.). 



