BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 863 



ERATOR ALBITORQUES (Du Bus).« 

 FRASER'S ERATOR. 



Adult male. — Pileum (except posterior portion of occiput) and lores 

 uniform black; nape and posterior portion of occiput pure white; 

 hindneck, back, rump, upper tail-coverts, scapulars, wing-coverts (ex- 

 cept outermost), and innermost secondaries uniform pale bluish gray 

 (nearest no. 8, or between lavender and pearl gray) ; tail with basal 

 half pale gray (paler gray or grayish white on inner webs), the re- 

 maining portion black, tipped, more or less broadly, with white; pri- 

 maries, secondaries (except tertials), primary coverts, alula, outer webs 

 of outermost greater and middle coverts, ana adjacent lesser coverts, 

 uniform ])lack; auricular, suborbital, and malar regions, chin, throat, 

 abdomen, and imder tail-coverts pure white, the rest of under parts 

 very pale bluish gray on chest and sides, fading gradually into the 

 white of anterior and posterior portions; axil] ars, under wing-coverts, 

 and basal half (or more) of inner webs of remiges, white; maxilla 

 black, becoming more grayish (bluish gray in life) basally or beneath 

 nostril; mandible dusky bluish gray (light bluish gray or grayish blue 

 in life), sometimes blackish at tip; iris brown; legs and feet grayish 

 dusky (bluish gray or plumbeous in life) ; length (skins), 169-193 (182); 

 wing, 102.5-111.5 (108.3) ; tail, 58.5-69 (63.5) ; exposed culmen, 21.5-26 

 (23.4); tarsus, 20.5-23 (22.1); middle toe, 14.5-16 (14.7).^ 



Adult female. — A frontal patch of white to pale chestnut (this some- 

 times reduced to indistinctness by encroachment of black of pileum; 

 rest of pileum uniform black, the posterior margin (on occiput) usu- 

 ally more or less irregular or broken; lores grayish or mixed grayish 

 and rusty brown; auricular, suborbital, and malar regions (usually 

 more or less of superciliary region alsoj chestnut-brown or burnt 

 umber; nape and hindneck varying from grayish white to brown, 

 sometimes more or less spotted with black; back and scapulars varjang 

 from grayisn brown to warm-sepia or prouts brown, the rump and 

 upper tail-coverts similar but grayer, sometimes light brownish gray; 

 tail as in adidt male, but gray of basal portion browner, and black of 

 subterminal portion rather less intense, the line of demarcation 

 between the two colors much less sharp; wings as in adult male, but 

 the black rather duller, the gray decidedly darker, and, usually, 



" Not having been able to examine a single South American example of this species, 

 1 am compelled at present to follow Doctor Sclater and Messrs. Salvin and Godmau in 

 considering the birds from South America and those from Central America inseparable. 

 For convenience, however, and especially in view of the possibility that careful com- 

 pari.^on may, as in the case of Tityra semifasciata and T. s. personata (united by the 

 authors mentioned), show constant and easily delined differences, 1 arrange the refer- 

 ences in the synonouiy as if there were really two forms. 



b Twenty-six specimens. 



