BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 869 



b. Back and anterior under parts streaked with black or dusky. 

 c. Pileum dull black; much less than terminal half of bill blackish. 



Tityra cayana, adult female (extralimital) 

 cc. Pileum pale l)rownish gray streaked with Itlack; much more than terminal 



half of bill l)lackish Tityra brasiliensis, adult female (extralimital) 



bb. Back and under parts without streaks, 

 c. Pileum decidedly darker brown or gray than back, not distinctly streaked. 

 d. Back clear or very slighlly l)rowuish gray. 



Tityra semifasciata semifasciata. adult female (extralimital) 

 dd. Back distinctly brown or grayish brown. 

 e. Back light grayish brown. 



Tityra semifasciata columbiana, adult female (extralimital) 

 ee. Back deep grayish brown or sepia brown. 

 /. Smaller (wing averaging 119.1, tail 67.7, exposed culmen 24.8, tarsus 

 25.2); upper parts darker. 



Tityra semifasciata costaricensis, adult female (p. 870) 



/. Larger (wing averaging 120.3, tail 72.2, exposed culmen 25.5, tarsus 26.4) ; 



upper parts lighter. Tityra semifasciata personata, adult female (p. 872) 



cc. Pileum not darker (sometimes paler) brownish gray than back, more or less 



distinctly streaked Tityra semifasciata griseiceps, adult female (p. 873) 



TITYRA SEMIFASCIATA COSTARICENSIS Ridgway. 

 COSTA RICAN TITYRA. 



Similar to T. s. columbiana ,'' but smaller, the adult male scarcely, if 

 at all, distinguishable, but usually with black area on inner web of lat- 

 eral rectrices larger; adult female much darker and browner, the back 

 and scapulars deep grayish brown, pileum and auricular region darker 

 grayish brown, the rump and upper tail-coverts darker gray. 



Adult male. — Forehead (back to about on a line with middle of 

 eyes), anterior portion (less than half) of auricular and malar regions, 

 and chin black; rest of head white, usually faintly tinged with gray 

 on crown and occiput, the hindneck very pale bluish gray deepening 

 into clear, uniform pale bluish gray (about no. 9) on back, scapulars, 

 lesser and middle wing-coverts, inner greater wing-coverts, tertials, 

 rump, and upper tail-coverts; remiges (except tertials), outermost 

 greater coverts, primary coverts, and alula, uniform black; tail with 

 basal half or more very pale gray on outer webs, white on inner webs, 

 the subterminal portion, very abruptly, uniform black, the tip (more 

 broadly on lateral rectrices) very pale gray or grayish white ; under 

 parts of body very pale bluish gray (paler than no. 10), fading into 

 pure white on throat and under tail-coverts; axillars and under wing- 

 coverts wholly white or grayish white, the inner webs of remiges 

 broadly edged (except terminally) with the same; terminal half to 

 one-third (approximately) of bill blackish, the basal portion, together 

 with naked loral and orbital regions, purplish rod in life (drying pale 



a See p. 868. 



