764 BULLETIN 50, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



loniiitiulinal, narrowly oval or elliptical, overliung by narrow mem- 

 brane. Kietal l)ristles well developed, the feathers of chin and latero- 

 frontal antiiv with long })ristly points. Wing moderate, with longest 

 primaries exceeding secondaries by length of commissure, or more; 

 seventh, eighth, and ninth primaries longest, the tenth shorter than 

 fifth. Tail about as long as wing to end of secondaries, even or 

 slightlv rounded, the rectrices of moderate width, with rounded tip. 

 Tarsus about as long as commissure (L. rufescens) or decidedly shorter 

 (L. Jiypopyrrha), its scutellation typically exaspidean; middle toe, 

 with claw, about as long as tarsus, its first and second phalanges 

 wholly adherent to outer toe, the first mostly united to inner toe; 

 outer toe, wdthout claw, reaching to beyond middle of subterminal 

 phalanx of middle toe, the inner decidedly shorter; hallux slender, 

 about as long as inner toe, its basal pad (tylarus) neither expanded 

 nor notably flattened. 



Plumage and coloration. -^Contour feathers broad and blended, 

 those of the pileum not elongated ; above brownish gray or dull cinna- 

 mon-rufous, the middle and greater wdng-coverts with a large terminal 

 roundish or fan-shaped spot of tawny or cinnamon-buff, sometimes 

 margined with dusky; beneath pale gray or cinnamon-rufous, more 

 or less barred or spotted (sometimes indistinctly) ; a yellomsh spot 

 on side of breast, involving proximal axillars. 



Nidiii cation. — (ITnkno\m ?) 



Range. — Guatemala to southern Brazil and eastern Ecuador. (Two 

 species.) 



KKY TO THE SPECIES OF LANIOCERA. 



a. General color gray; innermost lesser wing-coverts lemon yellow. (Southeastern 



Brazil to Guiana and eastern Ecuador.) Laniocera hypopyrrha (extralimital)" 



aa. General color cinnamon-rufous or tawny-ochraceous; innermost lessor wing-coverts 

 cinnamon-rufous. (Guatemala to northwestern Ecuador.) 



Laniocera rufescens (p. 765) 



a-Ampelis hypopyrrha YieiWot, Noviv. Diet. d'Hist. Nat., viii, 1817, 164 (Guiana). — ■ 

 Lipaugus hypopyrrhus Hartlaub, Rev. Zool., 1846, 3. — rtilochloris hypopyrrhus Lafres- 

 naye, Rev. Zool., 1846, 43, 239. — Laniocera hypopyrrha Hartlaub, Rev. Zool., 1846, 

 112. — A[ulia] hypopyrrha Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., ii, Oct., 1859, 101; Sclater, 

 Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., xiv, 1888, 354. — Muscipeta sibilatrix Maximilian, Beitr. Naturg. 

 Bras., iii, pt. "ii, 1831, 810 (Capitao Filisberto, Brazil; type now in Coll. Am. Mus. 

 N. H.). — Lipaugus sibilatrix Burmeister, Syst. Ueb. Th. Bras., ii, 1856, 422. — 

 Laniocera sanguinaria Lesson, Rev. Zool., 1840, 353 (=young). — Lipangus lateralis 

 Gray, in Gray and Mitchell, Gen. Birds, i, 1847, pi. 60 (name on plate). — [Aulia] 

 lateralis Sclater and Salvin, Nom. Av. Neotr., 1873, 57. 



