468 W. T. BRIGHAM ON THE VOLCANIC PHENOMENA 



PAGE 



Fig. 9. Plan of the Makapuu Ridges 35g 442 



" 10 Section of Konahuanui from North to South, a, a, compact basalt ; b, debris from cliffs ; p, dunes of 



coral sand ........... 35c 



"11. Island Crater off the northern coast of Oahu 35 g 



" 12. Plan of Kaneohe Craters (altered from Dana) 353 



" 13. View of Kaneohe from the East 359 



14. Plan of the Koko Craters. A, smooth grassy summit; B, small crater; C, spring of fresh water; D, 



deep crater open to the sea ; E, large dry crater broken down towards the sea ... . 359 

 : ' 15. View of K6ko Craters from the outer Signal Station. The bay in the foreground is represented by 



D on the plan (Fig. 14), and the small house on the right marks the position of the spring . 359 



" 16. View of Leahi from Punahou ( s*East) 3g0 



" 17. View of Leahi from Koko (N. N. E. 3-) 3g0 



" 18. Section of a lava stream at Leahi ......... 3gl 



" 19. Puawaina from Punahou ( — ->East) 3gl 



" 20. Plan of Aliapaakai (after Dana). A, raised coral reef; B, spring of fresh water ; C, small crater ; 



D, large crater, generally dry 3g2 



" 21. View of the Southern Islands from Molokai. Maui, Molokini, Hawaii, Kahoolawe, Lanai . . 3G4 



" 22. The Crater of Haleakala, from a Photograph by Weed Bros. 3G5 



" 23. Plan of Haleakala (reduced from Drayton's) 3gg 



" 24. Section of a cliff at Maliko 3g7 



" 25. Lanai from Molokai ............ 3gg 



" 26. Molokai from the North, distant fifteen miles 3gg 



" 27. Plan of the Sunken Plain at Kalapanu 373 



" 28. Section of Cliff at Kalapanu 373 



" 29. Section behind a Fall on the Wailiiku 377 



" 30. Plan of Pot-holes in the Wailuku 377 



" 31. Longitudinal section of Pot-holes 377 



" 32. Outline of Hualalai from the plain on the south-east 380 



" 33. The Summit of Hualalai seen from Mauna Loa (9000 feet) 382 



" 34. Plan of Mokuaweoweo (reduced from plan of U. S. Exploring Expedition) 387 



" 35. Views of the Lava Fountain, seen February 6th and 7th, 1859. (Pacific Commercial Advertiser) 400 



" 36. Lava fountain of February 10th, 1859. (From a drawing by S. C. Armstrong and A. F. Judd) . 402 



" 37. The Crater of Kilauea from the northern bank. (From a painting by Perry) . . . 419 



" 38. Halemaumau ............ 421 



" 39-40. The Cathedral in Kilauea ( >West and North-east) 423 



"41. Poli-o-Keawe from the Western bank of Kilauea 424 



" 42. Outline of the south end of Kilauea 425 



" 43. Tree-casts in a lava-stream ............. 428 



" 44. Pit Crater in Puna 429 



" 45. Sulphur Crystals 429 453 



" 46. Theoretical Section of Kauai 433 



" 47. Impression of lava crust _ 441 



" 48. Stalactites and Stalagmites from a lava cavern .......... 463 



