222 A. S. PACKARD, Jr., ON THE GLACIAL PHENOMENA 



from five to fourteen inches broad by three to nine inches long, and about an inch deep 

 vertically in the rock. Their inner, or concave edge, pointed southwest, the bay running in 

 a general S. W. and N. E. direction. They were scattered irregularly over a surface twenty 

 feet square. When several followed in a line, two large ones were often succeeded by a 

 couple one quarter as large, or vice versa. Also at Tub Harbor on the southern coast of this 

 bay, similar markings, but less distinct, occurred about the same distance above the sea, 

 and on a similar polished quartzite. These agree precisely with the " lunoid furrows " of 

 Mr. DeLaski, as observed by him in great abundance on Isle au Haut, in Penobscot Bay, — 

 specimens of which he has deposited in the Museum of the Portland Society of Natural 

 History. 



These were the only glacial markings I observed. It should be noted that Mr. Jukes, 

 in his " Geology of Newfoundland," states that he never observed any glacial stria? during 

 his explorations on that island. They were observed in abundance by Professor Hind 

 about fifty miles from the mouth of the river Moisie, where occurred " gneiss terraces five 

 in number, the highest being about 1000 feet above the sea, and backed by a stunted birch 

 and spruce-clad mountain, some 800 feet higher still. The sloping sides of these abrupt 

 steps are rounded, polished, and furrowed by glacial action. Cuts half an inch deep, and 

 an inch or more broad, go down slope and over level continuously. Rounded and water- 

 worn boulders are perched here and there on the edge of the uppermost terrace. These 

 strange memorials of the drift begin to be more common." — p. 133. 



Fine examples of rounded and embossed rocks occurred at a bay situated a few miles 

 to the westward of Little Mecatina Island. Here the numerous islets of syenites assume 

 a low dome-like shape, whose shores descend to the water's edge by a gentle slope, and 

 are so smooth and polished that one can with difficulty descend them when wet, without 

 slipping. 



On the southern coast the eminences all present their longer slopes to the northward, 

 and their lee sides descend seaward and southward in sudden falls and slopes. On the 

 contrary, on the eastern and Atlantic shores the stoss or struck sides look westward, and 

 the lee side is on the eastern side of the hills, thus showing that the denuding and 

 abrading agent moved downwards from the top of the water-shed, — that is always nearly 

 parallel to the coast. 



About Cape Chudleigh the hills and rocks are shown by Mr. Lieber's drawings to have 

 been rounded and moulded by ice to a height corresponding to that of Mount Bache, as 

 noticed above. 



Distribution of Boulders. The whole surface of the country is strewn thickly with boulders. 

 After ascending five or six hundred feet above the level of the sea, and penetrating into 

 the interior, their presence is especially marked. Near the shore they are rarely seen, 

 being covered by vegetation. We must look for them about the edges of ponds and along 

 the banks of the rivers, and especially in raised beaches. I am also inclined to think that 

 their abundance near the coast is greatly lessened by their having been carried off by shore 

 ice into the sea, and there rearranged into submarine beaches. 



No loose, single boulders scattered over the surface of the country were seen on the coast 

 from Mecatina to Square Island. They only occurred as stated above, along the courses of 

 rivers, by ponds, and rearranged into beaches. But we first saw them on a hill, estimated 

 roughly to be 1000 feet high, a few miles north of Cape St. Michaels, at Square Island, 

 where they lend a new feature to the landscape. At this level they were strewn sparsely 



